Kontroversi Produk Rekayasa Genetika Yang Dikonsumsi Masyarakat

Abstract

ABSTRAKRekayasa genetika adalah transplantasi satu gen ke gen lainnya baik antara gen danlintas gen untuk menghasilkan produk yang berguna bagi mahluk hidup hidup. Padaawalnya, rekayasa genetika hanya dilakukan pada tanaman untuk memecahkankekurangan pangan penduduk dunia, dan dalam pengembangannya rekayasa genetikatidak hanya berlaku untuk tanaman dan hewan yang serupa, tetapi telah berevolusi padamanusia dan lintas jenis. Prinsip dasar teknologi rekayasa genetika adalah memanipulasiperubahan komposisi asam nukleat DNA atau menyelipkan gen baru ke dalam strukturDNA mahluk hidup penerima, hal ini berarti bahwa gen yang disisipkan pada mahlukhidup penerima dapat berasal dari mahluk hidup lain. Saat ini, penyebaran danpenggunaan produk rekayasa genetika telah mengundang kontroversi masyarakat, olehkarena itu tulisan ini bertujuan untuk meninjau kontroversi rekayasa genetika mahlukhidup pada beberapa aspek kehidupan masyarakat.Kata Kunci: gekayasa genetika, gen, DNA, GMO, kontroversi.CONTROVERSY OF GENETIC ENGINEERINGPRODUCT CONSUMED SOCIETYABSTRACTGenetic engineering is a transplant of one gene to an other gene both between genesand gene cross to produce a useful product for living organisms. At first, geneticengineering was only conducted on plant to solve the food’s lack for world population,and it does not only apply to the plants and animals are similar in its development, but ithas evolved in humans and cross types. The basic principle of genetic engineeringtechnology is manipulating the composition changes of the nucleic acid of DNA ortucking new genes into the DNA structure of the recipient organisms, this means thatinserted genes on a recipient organism can be derived from the other organisms. Today,the deployment and use of genetically modified organisms have been inviting society'scontroversy, therefore this paper aims to review the controversy for genetically modifiedorganism (GMO) on several aspects of community life.Keywords: genetic engineering, gene, DNA, GMO, controversy.

Persepsi Mahasiswa Pendidikan Biologi Universitas Borneo Tarakan Terhadap Isu-Isu Bioteknologi Moden

“…Keunggulan bioteknologi modern di antaranya : perbaikan sifat genetik dilakukan secara terarah, dapat mengatasi kendala ketidaksesuaian genetik dan dapat meningkatkan kualitas produk. Perkembangan bioteknologi di Indonesia masih tergolong tertinggal jika dibandingkan dengan negara lain, hal ini disebabkan karena minimnya dana dan fasilitas penelitian, juga adanya kontroversi di bidang agama dan budaya (Mahrus, 2014).…”

Local Certification: Genetically Modified Organisms and Commercialization

“…20 GMO is basically a set of techniques that are used to manipulate genetic components which is Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) genome and genes 21 that can be performed in 1 (one) cell/organism or from one organism to another, even between different organisms. 22 Specifically, GMO's existence cannot be ignored in non-genetically engineered agricultural products. 23 Nevertheless, the main purpose of GMO development is to solve various food scarcity issues that are faced upon the world population, and it will remain unsolved conventionally due to the rapid population growth.…”

Considering Ethics in Agricultural Experimental Research with Special Mention to Agricultural Biotechnology Research

“…Another problem is the possibility of killing other living things such as Lepidoptera larvae and microorganisms in the soil. This will impact the quantity and quality of crop production (Mahrus, 2014;Wasilah et al, 2019).…”

“…Agricultural cropping patterns in Indonesia are generally carried out in small areas surrounded by various weeds. With the crosspollination nature of GMO crops, there is a risk of new weeds being more resistant to herbicides (Mahrus, 2014). Losey et al (1999) reported higher mortality in monarch larvae when fed milkweed (their natural food supply) covered in pollen from transgenic corn than when fed milkweed from regular corn.…”