Knowledge representation and general Petri net models for power grid fault diagnosis

Wang, Lei; Chen, Qing; Gao, Zhanjun; Niu, Lin; Zhao, Yishu; Ma, Z.Y.; Wu, Dejun

doi:10.1049/iet-gtd.2014.0659

Cited by 39 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…• A novel system design of a load-balance system integrated with the legacy LV system and urban microgrids is proposed. This is validated in Petri nets, emphasizing the novel form of encapsulating combined algorithms, evidenced by hierarchy levels of integration [43]; •…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The procedure is based on the use of identification algorithms and load transfer management, aiming at minimizing current and load consumption [38] or voltage and load [27]. In both cases, the voltage and load equilibrium state in the grid phases is guaranteed; however, the switching choice is based only on current load consumption of consumers' units, disregarding the imbalance level and the future states of load consumption, which could contribute to the robustness of the system to eventual consumption peaks and to the durability of the load stability over time.By contrast, it has been observed that the use of Petri nets (PNs) in complex systems is quite broad [39], due to its formal modeling, simulation and property verification capabilities [40][41][42], which allows development and verification of intelligent algorithms for control and supervision of application in smart grids [43,44]. The formal verification of routine flow allows evaluation of incidences, conflicts, deadlocks, loops, and reachability [45] of all stages and subroutines, as well as evaluation of inviolable flows and cycles of the algorithm in all its hierarchical levels [46], and also the automatic integration workflow with the control and supervision systems of an urban microgrid [47].Thus, the use of PNs can contribute to the solution of the lack of automation in the operational procedures of load balancing in urban microgrids and especially in the LV grid [48], such as in the case of the legacy Brazilian LV distribution grid [15], with partially automated flows and manual methods without automatic full flow with the central supervisory system.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By contrast, it has been observed that the use of Petri nets (PNs) in complex systems is quite broad [39], due to its formal modeling, simulation and property verification capabilities [40][41][42], which allows development and verification of intelligent algorithms for control and supervision of application in smart grids [43,44]. The formal verification of routine flow allows evaluation of incidences, conflicts, deadlocks, loops, and reachability [45] of all stages and subroutines, as well as evaluation of inviolable flows and cycles of the algorithm in all its hierarchical levels [46], and also the automatic integration workflow with the control and supervision systems of an urban microgrid [47].…”

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confidence: 99%

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A Load-Balance System Design of Microgrid Cluster Based on Hierarchical Petri Nets

et al. 2018

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In the new paradigm of urban microgrids, load-balancing control becomes essential to ensure the balance and quality of energy consumption. Thus, phase-load balance method becomes an alternative solution in the absence of distributed generation sources. Development of efficient and robust load-balancing control algorithms becomes useful for guaranteeing the load balance between phases and consumers, as well as to establish an automatic integration between the secondary grid and the supervisory center. This article presents a new phase-balancing control model based on hierarchical Petri nets (PNs) to encapsulate procedures and subroutines, and to verify the properties of a combined algorithm system, identifying the load imbalance in phases and improving the selection process of single-phase consumer units for switching, which is based on load-imbalance level and its future state of load consumption. A reliable flow of automated procedures is obtained, which effectively guarantees the load equalization in the low-voltage grid.Energies 2018, 11, 3245 2 of 30In the case of urban microgrids with distributed generation, the load-balancing method is based on the "electric current injection" in consumer unit phases, as well as in the phases of the LV grid, compensating for the imbalance of load and voltage. However, it is necessary to use a complex AC/DC-DC/AC signal converter control architecture called Microgrid Central Control (MGCC) [28], frequency inverters [29] and, in particular, supervision and control algorithms that optimize power and electric current flow [20]. The MGCC usually manages this automated solution flow, which does not always guarantee the efficient control of the phase shift effects between the main electrical current and the injected electrical current [30].The load-balance procedure based on the "coordinated load balance" offers a wide range of control features for current injection, working synchronously with the grid transformer [16], with frequency compensation between the grid phases and consumer units, along with phase compensation between the grids' electrical current and the electric current injected [31]. Ensuring robustness and load balancing, however, requires a complex central control and supervision structure with local (distributed) controllers with high-reliability algorithms [32] that ensure automated operational integration at all control and supervisory levels.Another method of load balance based on "integrated multimicrogrids control" is being widely used because of the large mix of micro-sources of energy to be applied for load-balancing [22,29,33], along with frequency and phase compensation in the grid and consumer units [34], also requiring a complex architecture with control and supervision algorithms that efficiently coordinate current injection and frequency and phase compensation in the LV grid [9,11,35], as well such as a large number of distributed generation units [36], which in fact means a great limitation for a large-scale implementation in developing countries [7,3...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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A Load-Balance System Design of Microgrid Cluster Based on Hierarchical Petri Nets

et al. 2018

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“…This power grid fault diagnosis system has been applied in a digital substation in Xingguo, China. Wang and Chen [15] proposed a Petri net that combines the power grid topology with PR information to render the fault diagnosis model. An ANN-based condition monitoring approach using data from SCADA has also been proposed [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An analytical method for mapping alarm information to model of power grid fault diagnosis

Zhang

Wei

Yue

et al. 2018

IEEJ Transactions Elec Engng

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Online fault diagnosis systems have recently been applied in power grids. However, the complex modeling and high-quality requirements for power grid fault diagnosis have restricted the wide application of online systems. This paper proposes an automatic method for mapping alarm information to a fault diagnosis model. First, we automatically extract the basic logic variables from the alarm information. These can be used in power grid fault diagnoses by employing a key character-matching algorithm. We then build the associative relationship between electrical devices and circuit breakers based on connection analysis. Finally, an associative matrix of all electrical devices is designed to express the cooperative relationship between different devices in a fault event based on the short-circuit power mark. Based on these modules, cause-effect events expressing the associated relationship between alarms are established according to the protection configuration principle and protective relay setting principle. Expressing the associated relationship between alarms according to the logical requirements of a fault diagnosis model enables the automatic mapping from alarm information to fault diagnosis model to be realized. The validity of the proposed method for online fault diagnosis is verified using a real fault case that occurred in a power grid.

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“…Enhanced with the well-established fuzzy logic, the fuzzy Petri nets (FPNs) [15][16][17][18][19][20], superior to the traditional Petri nets [21,22], are capable of modeling inexactness and uncertainties. Graphical FPN models are built in [16] for fault section identification, but the model structure is not optimized and the matrix execution algorithm is not addressed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A fuzzy Petri net based approach for fault diagnosis in power systems considering temporal constraints

Zhang

Wen

et al. 2016

International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems

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Knowledge representation and general Petri net models for power grid fault diagnosis

Cited by 39 publications

References 20 publications

A Load-Balance System Design of Microgrid Cluster Based on Hierarchical Petri Nets

A Load-Balance System Design of Microgrid Cluster Based on Hierarchical Petri Nets

An analytical method for mapping alarm information to model of power grid fault diagnosis

A fuzzy Petri net based approach for fault diagnosis in power systems considering temporal constraints

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