In applications where the high voltage gain is required, such as photovoltaic grid-connected system, fuel cell and high intensity discharge (HID) lamps for automobile, high step-up DC-DC converters have been introduced to boost the low voltage to a high bus voltage. The voltage gain of traditional Boost converter is limited considering the issues such as the system efficiency and current ripple. This paper proposes a class of hybrid switched-inductor converters for high step-up voltage gain conversion. Firstly, the topological derivation of hybrid switched-inductor converters is deduced by combining the passive and active switched-inductor unit; secondly, this paper illustrates the operation modes of the proposed asymmetrical and symmetrical converters; thirdly, the performance of the proposed converters is analyzed in detail and compared to existing converters; finally, a prototype is established in the lab, and the experimental results are given to verify the correctness of the analysis.Index Terms-Switched-inductor, high step-up, DC/DC converter.
Despite advances in experimental techniques and accumulation of large datasets concerning the composition and properties of the cortex, quantitative modeling of cortical circuits under in-vivo-like conditions remains challenging. Here we report and publicly release a biophysically detailed circuit model of layer 4 in the mouse primary visual cortex, receiving thalamo-cortical visual inputs. The 45,000-neuron model was subjected to a battery of visual stimuli, and results were compared to published work and new in vivo experiments. Simulations reproduced a variety of observations, including effects of optogenetic perturbations. Critical to the agreement between responses in silico and in vivo were the rules of functional synaptic connectivity between neurons. Interestingly, after extreme simplification the model still performed satisfactorily on many measurements, although quantitative agreement with experiments suffered. These results emphasize the importance of functional rules of cortical wiring and enable a next generation of data-driven models of in vivo neural activity and computations.
Abstract-In this paper, an islanded medium-voltage (MV) microgrid placed in
I. INTRODUCTIONThe increasing penetration of renewable-energy-based distributed generations (DGs) in distribution networks promotes the emergence of new changes in power generation, transmission and distribution. Integrated DGs, energy storage systems (ESS), and local loads within a certain area, microgrid is an effective way to achieve active distribution networks, which can reduce the impact . However, the proposed methods exist fundamental conflict that the secondary voltage control can worsen the already poor sharing of reactive power, while enforcing reactive power sharing can result in poorer voltage profiles than with only primary control conversely [35]. Moreover, most of the microgrid control structures reported in the current literature are proposed for particular microgrids only formed by ideal parallel inverters, which neglect the dynamic of the primary sources, thus being inappropriate to integrate the diversity of DGs in a certain area.
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