Knowledge, attitudes and practices towards cystic echinococcosis in livestock among selected pastoral and agro-pastoral communities in Uganda

Omadang, Leonard; Chamai, Martin; Othieno, Emmanuel; Okwi, Andrew Livex; Inangolet, Francis Olaki; Ejobi, Francis; Oba, Peter; Ocaido, Michael

doi:10.1007/s11250-017-1394-5

Cited by 13 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Approximately half of respondents dewormed their livestock; however, more than a quarter of them did not have a regular deworming interval for their livestock. The findings on the number of dog keepers who dewormed their dogs is consistent with a study done in Uganda [16], but was in contrast to studies done in Ethiopia where dog keepers were 71% of the study participants and none of them dewormed their dogs [19] and in Pakistan where dog keepers were 64% and 68% of them dewormed their dogs [7]. The dog owners did not know the risk contained in improper disposal or inappropriate handling of dog faeces in terms of transmission of CH.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…The findings of the KAP survey showed that the beef value chain in the study area was dominated by men, who have culturally been cattle traders and they tend to dominate livelihood activities that generate financial income as was seen in studies done in Uganda [16] and Pakistan [7]. Most of the participants, especially farmers, did not have much knowledge about hydatidosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

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Contribution of livestock marketing chains and role played by stakeholders’ knowledge, attitude and practice in spreading cystic hydatidosis to Busia Town, Kenya, 2018

Owiny

Bett

et al. 2019

Preprint

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BackgroundCystic hydatidosis (CH), a neglected parasitic zoonosis, is endemic in many parts of Kenya and could be spread along livestock marketing chains. Poor knowledge, attitude and practices (KAP) enables this spread in remote areas with inadequate public health services. We estimated prevalence, identified possible origin of CH to Busia, Kenya and assessed KAP among cattle owners and abattoir workers.Methods and Principal FindingsWe conducted a cross-sectional study on slaughtered livestock and interviewed their owners and abattoir workers in Busia in May–June 2018. We used visual observation, palpation and incision to identify cysts. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used for confirmatory diagnosis. Epi Info 7 was used to calculate descriptive and associative statistics. Of 302 carcasses inspected, cysts were visualized in nine (2.98%, 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 1.46–5.78). Fourteen samples were collected and 13 (92.86%) were positive on PCR (sensitivity=92%, specificity=95%). All carcasses with cysts were from West Pokot County, which borders Busia to the north. We interviewed 310 participants: 260 were males (83.87%, 95% CI: 79.19 – 87.69); median age was 41 years (range=21-69). Dogs were kept by 221 (71.99%, 95% CI: 66.55 – 76.87), of which 83 (37.56%, 95% CI: 28.33 – 48.52) improperly disposed of dog faeces. Home slaughtering was practiced by 196 (63.23%, 95% CI: 58.78-69.80), of which 115 (58.67%, 95% CI: 51.44-65.64) were not inspected and 85 (43.37%, 95% CI: 36.32-50.62) fed raw organs to dogs. Adequate knowledge was associated with butcher ownership (P-value = 0.002), age ≥35 years (P-value = 0.002) and higher literacy level (P-value <0.001).Conclusions and SignificanceThere is non-negligible risk of CH in Busia communities which might worsen with time given that the county is connected to endemic areas through livestock trade. Poor KAP by the people on the disease calls for need to implement information, education and communication campaigns to improve KAP on CH in the area.Author summaryCystic hydatidosis is a globally neglected parasitic zoonosis which is endemic in many parts of the world including Kenya. It is majorly a problem among pastoral communities where there is close contact between human, livestock and dogs. Busia County, in Western Kenya is part of a livestock marketing chain between Kenya and Uganda. Animals from high endemic regions in Uganda and Kenya can easily spread the parasite to Busia through improper disposal of their infested organs. Non-pastoral communities like Busia may not have much cumulative experience about the disease though their practices may contribute to the perpetuation of the parasite in their environment. The parasite is gradually spreading to new areas and it is very important to the public health players in Kenya to take action so as to prevent further spread of this disease. Findings from this study show that the disease is no longer limited to pastoral communities only. There is need for the implementation of information, education and communication campaigns to improve the knowledge, attitude and practices of Busia community and other non-endemic regions on the disease.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Contribution of livestock marketing chains and role played by stakeholders’ knowledge, attitude and practice in spreading cystic hydatidosis to Busia Town, Kenya, 2018

Owiny

Bett

et al. 2019

Preprint

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“…In addition, they engaged in skinning and therefore handling raw hides because of the high market value of camel leather and hair [32]. Since our study also found that lack of formal education was an important risk factor associated with increased risk of brucellosis infection, we envision that promoting formal education among the pastoralists would result in improved economic opportunities and reduction in risky practices as has been observed in other studies [33,34].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 51%

Comparison of knowledge, attitude, and practices of animal and human brucellosis between nomadic pastoralists and non-pastoralists in Kenya

et al. 2020

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Background: The seroprevalence of brucellosis among nomadic pastoralists and their livestock in arid lands is reported to be over10-fold higher than non-pastoralists farmers and their livestock in Kenya. Here, we compared the seroprevalence of nomadic pastoralists and mixed farming with their knowledge of the disease and high-risk practices associated with brucellosis infection. Methods: Across-sectional study was conducted in two counties-Kiambu County where farmers primarily practice smallholder livestock production and crop farming, and Marsabit County where farmers practice nomadic pastoral livestock production. Stratified random sampling was applied, in which sublocations were initially selected based on predominant livestock production system, before selecting households using randomly generated geographical coordinates. In each household, up to three persons aged 5 years and above were randomly selected, consented, and tested for Brucella spp IgG antibodies. A structured questionnaire was administered to the household head and selected individuals on disease knowledge and risky practices among the pastoralists and mixed farmers compared. Multivariable mixed effects logistic regression model was used to assess independent practices associated with human Brucella spp. IgG seropositivity. Results: While the majority (74%) of pastoralist households had little to no formal education when compared to mixed (8%), over 70% of all households (pastoralists and mixed farmers) had heard of brucellosis and mentioned its clinical presentation in humans. However, fewer than 30% of all participants (pastoralists and mixed farmers) knew how brucellosis is transmitted between animals and humans or how its transmission can be prevented. Despite their comparable knowledge, significantly more seropositive pastoralists compared to mixed farmers engaged in risky practices including consuming unboiled milk (79.5% vs 1.7%, p < 0.001) and raw blood (28.3% vs 0.4%, p < 0.001), assisting in animal birth (43.0% vs 9.3%, p < 0.001), and handling raw hides (30.6% vs 5.5%, p < 0.001)., Conclusion: Nomadic pastoralists are more likely to engage in risky practices that promote Brucella Infection, probably because of their occupation and culture, despite having significant knowledge of the disease.

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“…It was shown that when age of the people is increased the awareness about CE increased too. 16 , 34 The participants generally knew more about CE as their age increased ( p <0.05). In a recent study by Othieno et al female gender, age beyond 40 years, and open spring water sources were the main risk factors for CE in humans.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…This was a descriptive study to assess the awareness of risk factors of CE among different occupational groups. 16 Questionnaire forms were prepared in compliance with the individuals’ diversity. Participants were classified into 3 groups, and a different survey was created for each group.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A study to assess the awareness of risk factors of cystic echinococcosis in Turkey

Aydın

Adıgüzel

Güzel

2018

SMJ

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Objectives:To determine the knowledge, attitudes, practices, and awareness for risk factors associated with cystic echinococcosis (CE) among animal breeders, nurses, nursing students, dietitians, food professionals and other public groups in Turkey.Methods:Questionnaire forms were prepared in compliance with the individuals’ diversity, and a survey was created about agents, transmission modes, epidemiology, treatment, and risk factors for CE. The descriptive survey was performed between May 2015 and May 2016 by face-to-face communication. Data were collected from a total of 647 individuals, including 95 animal breeders, 92 nurses, 249 nursing students, 49 dietitians, 28 food professionals and 134 people from other public groups from Turkey. Survey data were evaluated in terms of percentages and means and analyzed by the Pearson’s chi-square test and Mann-Whitney U test to determine the relationships between questionnaire answers and socio-demographic attributes, such as age, gender, educational level, and profession. Non-categorical variables were compared via Spearman’s rho correlation analysis with statistical significance set at the 0.05 level.Results:We determined low awareness for vegetable washing, raw vegetables and offal consumption, informative courses, contact with dogs, and administration of antiparasitic drugs to dogs.Conclusion:The participants of this survey were found to be with insufficient knowledge regarding risk factors of CE. We advocate the implementation of training programs to improve public awareness on this important disease.

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Knowledge, attitudes and practices towards cystic echinococcosis in livestock among selected pastoral and agro-pastoral communities in Uganda

Cited by 13 publications

References 27 publications

Contribution of livestock marketing chains and role played by stakeholders’ knowledge, attitude and practice in spreading cystic hydatidosis to Busia Town, Kenya, 2018

Contribution of livestock marketing chains and role played by stakeholders’ knowledge, attitude and practice in spreading cystic hydatidosis to Busia Town, Kenya, 2018

Comparison of knowledge, attitude, and practices of animal and human brucellosis between nomadic pastoralists and non-pastoralists in Kenya

A study to assess the awareness of risk factors of cystic echinococcosis in Turkey

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