Kinetics of oil palm empty fruit bunch phenolysis in the presence of sulfuric acid as a catalyst

Ahmadzadeh, Ali; Zakaria, Sarani

doi:10.1002/app.26921

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…As can be seen from Table I, canola stalk has higher holocellulose (cellulose + hemicellulose) and lower lignin contents than paulownia, resulting in higher water absorption compared to paulownia. Many studies have supported the above observation 19–22…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 65%

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A comparative study on some properties of wood plastic composites using canola stalk, Paulownia, and nanoclay

Zahedi

Tabarsa

Ashori

et al. 2012

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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In this research, the reinforcing effect of fillers including canola stalk, paulownia and nanoclay, in polypropylene (PP) has been investigated. In the sample preparation, 50 wt% of lignocellulosic materials and 0, 3, and 5 wt% of nanoclay particles were used. The results showed that while flexural and tensile properties were moderately enhanced by the addition of nanoclay in the matrix, notched Izod impact strengths decreased dramatically. However, with increase in the nanoclay content (5 wt%), the flexural and tensile properties decreased considerably. The mechanical properties of composites filled with paulownia are generally greater than canola stalk composites, due to the higher aspect ratio. The thickness swelling and water absorption of the composites significantly decreased with the increase in nanoclay loading. Except tensile modulus, the differences between the type of fibrous materials and nanoclay contents had significant influence on physicomechanical properties. Morphologies of the composites were analyzed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X‐ray diffraction (XRD), and the results showed increased d‐spacing of clay layers indicating enhanced compatibility among PP, clay, and lignocellulosic material. TEM micrographs also confirmed that the composites containing 3 wt% nanoclay had uniform dispersion and distribution of clay layers in the polymer matrix. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 65%

“…The presence of nanoclay in the composite hinders the permeation of water through the composite 25, 26. Many studies have supported the above observation 20–22…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 74%

A comparative study on some properties of wood plastic composites using canola stalk, Paulownia, and nanoclay

Zahedi

Tabarsa

Ashori

et al. 2012

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…At present Malaysia is the largest exporter and producer of palm oil and its production accounts approximately 40-60% of world total palm oil over the 25 years [2,3]. In the process of extraction of palm oil from oil palm fruit, a lignocellulosic material, namely, OPEFB, is generated as a main solid residue, with every ton of fresh fruit bunches producing ∼0.22 ton of OPEFB [4]. In Malaysia, ∼17 million tons of OPEFB is produced every year.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Box-Behnken Design in Optimization of Glucose Production from Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch Cellulose

Pasma

Daik

Maskat

et al. 2013

International Journal of Polymer Science

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Oil palm empty fruit bunch fiber (OPEFB) is a lignocellulosic waste from palm oil mills. It contains mainly cellulose from which glucose can be derived to serve as raw materials for valuable chemicals such as succinic acid. A three-level Box-Behnken design combined with the canonical and ridge analysis was employed to optimize the process parameters for glucose production from OPEFB cellulose using enzymatic hydrolysis. Organosolv pretreatment was used to extract cellulose from OPEFB using ethanol and water as the solvents. The extracted cellulose was characterized by thermogravimetric analysis, FTIR spectroscopy, and field emission scanning electron microscopy. Hydrolysis parameters including amount of enzyme, amount of cellulose, and reaction time were investigated. The experimental results were fitted with a second-order polynomial equation by a multiple regression analysis and found that more than 97% of the variations could be predicted by the models. Using the ridge analysis, the optimal conditions reaction time found for the production of glucose was 76 hours and 30 min, whereas the optimum amount of enzyme and cellulose was 0.5 mL and 0.9 g, respectively. Under these optimal conditions, the corresponding response value predicted for glucose concentration was 169.34 g/L, which was confirmed by validation experiments.

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“…OPEFB is the main by-product from the palm oil industry with every ton of fresh fruit bunches will produce ~0.22 ton OPEFB [4]. In Malaysia, ~17 million tons of OPEFB is produced every year.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of succinic acid from oil palm empty fruit bunch cellulose using Actinobacillus succinogenes

Pasma

Daik²,

Maskat³

2013

AIP Conference Proceedings

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Abstract. Succinic acid is a common metabolite in plants, animals and microorganisms. It has been used widely in agricultural, food and pharmaceutical industries. Enzymatic hydrolysate glucose from oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) cellulose was used as a substrate for succinic acid production using Actinobacillus succinogenes. Using cellulose extraction from OPEFB can enhance the production of glucose as a main substrate for succinic acid production. The highest concentration of glucose produced from enzymatic hydrolysis is 167 mg/mL and the sugar recovery is 0.73 g/g of OPEFB. By optimizing the culture medium for succinic acid fermentation with enzymatic hydrolysate of OPEFB cellulose, the nitrogen sources could be reduced to just only 2.5 g yeast extract and 2.5 g corn step liquor. Batch fermentation was carried out using enzymatic hydrolysate of OPEFB cellulose with yeast extract, corn steep liquor and the salts mixture, 23.5 g/L succinic acid was obtained with consumption of 72 g/L glucose in enzymatic hydrolysate of OPEFB cellulose at 38 hours and 37 o C. This study suggests that enzymatic hydrolysate of OPEFB cellulose maybe an alternative substrate for the efficient production of succinic acid by Actinobacillus succinogenes.

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Kinetics of oil palm empty fruit bunch phenolysis in the presence of sulfuric acid as a catalyst

Cited by 10 publications

References 8 publications

A comparative study on some properties of wood plastic composites using canola stalk, Paulownia, and nanoclay

A comparative study on some properties of wood plastic composites using canola stalk, Paulownia, and nanoclay

Application of Box-Behnken Design in Optimization of Glucose Production from Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch Cellulose

Production of succinic acid from oil palm empty fruit bunch cellulose using Actinobacillus succinogenes

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