Kinetic Study of Europium Oxide Chlorination

Pomiro, Federico J.; Fouga, Gastón G.; Bohé, Ana E.

doi:10.1007/s11663-013-9931-8

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…By other side, the solid GdOCl was treated at 1223 K in argon atmosphere during 8 h and either mass or chemistry changes were not observed. Taking into consideration the preceding observations [21,29,30], the thermodynamic evaluation and the results obtained in the present investigation, the mass loss was caused by the chlorination of GdOCl(s) through reaction 3. The gadolinium trichloride formed at 1223 K is liquid, and its vapor pressures are 5.6 9 10 -4 atm at 1223 K, sufficient vapor pressure to observe mass loss in the experimental system used.…”

Section: Determination Of Kinetics Parameterssupporting

confidence: 53%

“…Table 1 shows the values of chlorine diffusion rate through crucible top and experimental rate for PCl 2 = 35 kPa, Cl 2 (g)-Ar(g) flow = 4 L h -1 , m o = 5 mg and several temperatures. The rate values calculation was made using the Ranz and Marshall correlation [20], with the same procedure as described in the work ''Kinetic Study of Europium Oxide Chlorination'' [21]. The experimental rates at 723 K and lower temperatures are two or more orders of magnitude smaller than the calculated rates.…”

Section: Determination Of Kinetics Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thermogravimetry study of Gd2O3 chlorination

Pomiro

Fouga

Gaviría

et al. 2015

J Therm Anal Calorim

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The reaction between Gd 2 O 3 (s) and Cl 2 (g) was studied in a high-resolution thermogravimetric system. The reaction product was GdOCl, which was the unique solid phase produced in all the temperature range studied. The GdOCl is subsequently chlorinated producing GdCl 3 for temperatures above 1123 K. The system is under chemical control for temperatures below 723 K. It was found that the reaction order with respect to the chorine partial pressure is 0.77 and the activation energy is 132 kJ mol -1 for the temperature range of 623-723 K. The global rate equation was developed. The GdOCl obtained was characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and magnetic measurements. The structure of GdOCl was refined with the Rietveld method, and it crystallized in a tetragonal form of REOX possessing the Matlockite-type (PbFCl) structure. The magnetic measurements indicated that the sample is paramagnetic at all the measurement ranges. The parameters of the Curie-Weiss law obtained were as follows: h = -12.0 K, C = 7.9592 emu K mol -1 and l eff = 7.98l B .

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Section: Determination Of Kinetics Parameterssupporting

confidence: 53%

Section: Determination Of Kinetics Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermogravimetry study of Gd2O3 chlorination

Pomiro

Fouga

Gaviría

et al. 2015

J Therm Anal Calorim

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“…This reaction could be written as The next steps will be explained for the case of Eu 2 O 3 . Europium oxide could react with chlorine and form solid europium oxychloride EuOCl in the temperatures above 250°C [24]. EuOCl may undergo further chlorination in temperatures above 850 o C and form EuCl 3 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of rare earths ion beams in arc discharge ion source using their oxides

Turek

Droździel

Pyszniak

et al. 2016

ELECTROTECHNICAL REVIEW

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Production of rare earth's ions from using their oxides and carbon tetrachloride (CCl 4) vapor is described. Mechanism of internal chemical synthesis of rare earth's chlorides is proposed. Working characteristics like dependences of ion currents on discharge and filament current, magnetic flux density as well as CCl 4 flux are presented and discussed in order to find optimal working parameters. The separated currents of 18 A, 5 A, 3 A and 12 A were obtained for Eu + , Gd + , Ho + and Pr + , respectively. Streszczenie. W atykule opisana jest metoda wytwarzania wiązek jonów pierwiastków ziem rzadkich wykorzystująca ich tlenki i pary czterochlorku węgla (CCl 4). Zaproponowano także wyjaśnienie mechanizmu wewnętrznej syntezy chlorków ziem rzadkich. Celem znalezienia optymalnych parametrów pracy rozpatrywanane są charakterystyki robocze źródła, takie jak zależności natężenia prądów jonowych od natężeń prądu wyładowania, grzania katody, indukcji magnetycznej zewnętrznego magnesu jak również nacieku CCl 4. Otrzymano rozseparowane wiązki jonów

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“…When the mass fraction of sodium chloride was 15%, the maximum value of the iron grade was 64.57%; when the mass fraction of sodium chloride was 20%, the maximum value of the iron recovery was 79.77%, but the iron grade has dropped slightly. This occurred because an appropriate increase in the amount of sodium chloride is beneficial for the increase in the amount of hydrogen chloride and chlorine generated during the segregation roasting, which correspondingly increase the amount of ferric chloride formed (Pomiro et al, 2013). However, other elements such as magnesium, aluminum, sodium, etc.…”

Section: Chlorinating Agent Dosagementioning

confidence: 99%

A novel process for extraction of iron from a refractory red mud

Ding¹,

Xiao²,

Yang³

et al. 2020

Physicochem. Probl. Miner. Process.

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Red mud is a kind of solid waste produced during alumina extraction from bauxite. To extraction valuable iron from red mud, the technology of adding sodium sulfate-segregation roastingmagnetic separation to treat red mud was developed. During the paper, the effects of various process parameters on the extraction of iron by segregation roasting-magnetic separation were studied, and the phase transformation behavior and microstructure of iron are explored. Repeated test results showed that magnetic concentrate (mass percent), TFe of 80.29 % and overall iron recovery of 92.08 %was obtained. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results indicated that after the segregation roasting, the hematite was transformed into a new metal phase consisting mainly of metallic iron and magnetite. The addition of sodium sulfate during the segregation roasting can obviously improve the efficiency of segregation roasting-magnetic separation for iron extraction.

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Kinetic Study of Europium Oxide Chlorination

Cited by 9 publications

References 23 publications

Thermogravimetry study of Gd2O3 chlorination

Thermogravimetry study of Gd2O3 chlorination

Production of rare earths ion beams in arc discharge ion source using their oxides

A novel process for extraction of iron from a refractory red mud

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