Karyological Studies on Indian Wild Safflower,<i>Carthamus Oxyacanthus</i>M. B.

Jayaramu, M.; Chatterji, A. K.

doi:10.1080/00087114.1986.10797779

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Some of the accessions of the species presently analyzed were agreeing for their karyotypes with their observations. Somatic karyotype analyses have also been conducted earlier by a number of workers like Knowles and Schank (1964), Estilai and Knowles (1976, 1978, 1980, Chatterji and Rathore (1972-73), Pillai et al (1981a) and Jayaramu and Chatterji (1986).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Karyological studies in twelve accessions ofCarthamus tinctoriusi

Malik

Srivastava

2012

Caryologia

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Karyology of the twelve accessions of Carthamus tinctorius L. were investigated. Diploid chromosome numbers and the basic chromosome number of the studied accessions were obtained as 2n=24 and x=12 respectively. The chromosomes were assorted in to different categories on the basis of arm's ratio. These were further subdivided in to different types, on the basis of total length of the chromosome. From an evolutionary point of view, variation in total chromosome length without major changes in the karyotype formula suggests that changes in the amounts of genomic DNA are proportional to the relative length of each chromosome arm. All the accessions possessed symmetrical or slightly asymmetrical karyotype. The karyological results of the study and the analysis of chromosomal morphology of each accession are shown as tables. These findings may provide useful information for Carthamus evolutionary, genetic, and breeding studies.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Karyological studies in twelve accessions ofCarthamus tinctoriusi

Malik

Srivastava

2012

Caryologia

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“…Some of the accessions of this species presently analyzed were agreeing for their karyotypes with their observations. Somatic karyotype analyses have also been conducted earlier by a number of workers like Knowles and Schank (1964), Estilai and Knowles (1976, 1978, 1980, Chatterji and Rathore (1972-73), Pillai et al (1981a) and Jayaramu and Chatterji (1986). However, these workers did not carry three dimensional analyses of the somatic karyotype.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

3D Somatic Karyotype Analyses in Carthamus tinctorius

Malik¹,

Srivastava²

2008

CYTOLOGIA

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Summary Karyomorphological investigation have been carried out in ten different accessions of Carthamus tinctorius belonging to the tribe Cynareae (thistle), sub-family Tubifloreae of family Compositae. For concrete studies we explored the details of 3D karyotype using length and volume of the chromosomes and the chromosome complements, in addition to several other related parameters. The observations show variability pertaining to length and volume as well as morphology of chromosomes indicating the structural chromosome polymorphism. All the accessions possessed 2nϭ24 and symmetrical or slightly asymmetrical karyotype. The accessions belonging to the same species were showing intra-specific and inter-specific chromosome polymorphism. Key words CarthamusThe genus Carthamus L. belonging to the tribe Cynareae (thistle), sub-family Tubifloreae of family Compositae has about 42 species with varying chromosome number of 2nϭ20 to 2nϭ64 and has a wide range of adaptation. C. tinctorius, commonly called safflower, is the only cultivated species of this genus. Commercially produced safflower seeds contain 32 to 52 percent oil. It is one of humanities oldest crop cultivated in India mainly for oil from the seeds and reddish and yellow dyes for clothing and food preparation from the flowers. The somatic chromosome analysis of the genus Carthamus is very difficult due to poor stainability, stickiness and tendency to overlap at metaphase and diffuse appearance of primary and secondary constrictions of the chromosomes. Three dimensional somatic karyotype were analyzed for establishing the chromosome and karyotype polymorphism. Materials and methodsThe present paper describes the three dimensional karyotypic analysis of different accessions of Carthamus tinctorius. The accessions that were used for somatic karyotype are listed in Table 1.For investigating the somatic karyotype, roots were first pre-treated with 0.05% colchicine solution for about 3 to 4 h at 10°C in darkness. The roots were then washed thoroughly with water and fixed in 3 : 1 absolute ethanol and glacial acetic acid having a pinch of ferric chloride. The fixed root tip samples were stored in 70% ethanol in refrigerator. The root tips were smeared and squashed in 1% aceto orcein. Karyotypic analyses in cells exhibiting C-metaphase were performed in such temporary preparations. The somatic chromosomes were analysed from the photomicrographs using computerized Nikon Image Capturing system. The following parameters were used for the somatic karyotype analyses.(a) Length of long arms, short arms and the whole chromosome, (b) arm's ratio, (c) total length of long arms (TLLA), all short arms (TLSA) and the whole chromosome (TLCC), (d) gradient index (GI), (e) symmetry index (SI), (f) radius of a chromatid of the chromosome of a complement and (g) total volume of long arms (TVLA), total volume of short arms (TVSA) and the whole

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“…The somatic chromosome of the species of the genus Carthamus are difficult to resolve due to poor stainability, stickiness and tendency to overlap at metaphase. The centromeric portions and the secondary constrictions are not easily recognizable (Ashri and Knowles 1960, Estilai and Knowles 1980, Pillai et al 1981, Jayaramu and Chatterji 1986, Kumar 1991. Because of this the karyotype analyses in the genus Carthamus has been undertaken scantily in the past.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Fine Structure of Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) Chromosomes as Revealed by Pachytene Analysis

Malik

Srivastava

2009

CYTOLOGIA

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SummaryThe 7 accessions of Carthamus tinctorius from different locations were analyzed in detail for establishing the chromosome and karyotype polymorphism. All 12 pachytene chromosomes were clearly identified on the basis of length, arm ratio, centromeric index, symmetry index, total chromatin length and Percent chromomere per chromosome. The karyotype and heterochromatin distribution patterns reported in this study provide a foundation toward cytological characterization of the Carthamus genome. The chromosome size ranges between 546.53 mm to 933.53 mm. Variability within the individual chromosomes with respect to the size, shape and position of the centromere was found to be well marked. Chromosomes were arranged from 1 to 12 following a descending order of length. At pachytene, the pollen mother cells have 12 bivalents and prominent nucleolus. The accessions exhibited significant variability in their pachytene chromosome characteristics.

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Karyological Studies on Indian Wild Safflower,Carthamus OxyacanthusM. B.

Cited by 6 publications

References 8 publications

Karyological studies in twelve accessions ofCarthamus tinctoriusi

Karyological studies in twelve accessions ofCarthamus tinctoriusi

3D Somatic Karyotype Analyses in Carthamus tinctorius

The Fine Structure of Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) Chromosomes as Revealed by Pachytene Analysis

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