Kandungan Logam Berat Pada Biji Kakao Asal Sulawesi Barat Dan Tenggara

Ristanti, Eky Yenita; Suprapti, Suprapti; Ramlah, Sitti

doi:10.33104/jihp.v11i2.3413

Cited by 4 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The high copper (Cu) content of cocoa beans in mining areas is probably due to the application of fungicides to cocoa pods. According to Ristanti et al [6], the accumulation of copper (Cu) in cocoa beans is associated with using a Cu-based fungicide. Cu enters the cocoa beans through uptake and translocation of Cu from the soil, as well as Cu permeation in the cuticles of the pods after the use of fungicides [6]…”

Section: Results Of Heavy Metal Analysis Of Cocoa Beansmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Food safety is a problem that has become an essential topic in the world. Heavy metal contamination in agricultural products is one factor that affects food safety [6]. The cocoa plant can IOP Publishing doi:10.1088/1755-1315/1024/1/012067 2 grow anywhere, both lowland and highland, dry land, or wetland.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The expansion of the cocoa planting area will undoubtedly result in the widespread use of fertilizers, plus the geographical conditions that have mining potential, causing the possibility of heavy metal contamination of the soil and water used for cocoa cultivation, so that this allows the high content of heavy metals in cocoa beans that come from Sulawesi [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Good Handling Practice Study to Reduce The Level of Contamination in Cocoa Beans in East Luwu

Dewayani

Syamsuri

Septianti

et al. 2022

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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Research on the content of heavy metals in cocoa beans from mining and non-mining areas in South Sulawesi has been done. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of handling cocoa according to SNI 2323-2008 in reducing heavy metal contamination of cocoa beans at mining and non-mining locations. The research method used was a completely randomized factorial design pattern with three replications. The first factor was two-region (mining and non-mining areas), the second factor was various quality handling (GHP and non-GHP). The results showed that the heavy metal analysis of cocoa beans that met the SNI requirements was found in the non-mining areas of Luwu district, both GHP (Pb 0.13 ppm, Cd 0.37 ppm, Cu 1.26 ppm, and Zn 41.72 ppm) and non-mining. GHP (Pb 0.13 ppm, Cd 0.31 ppm, Cu 0.51 ppm, and Zn 37.02 ppm). Meanwhile, cocoa beans in mining areas in East Luwu Regency have not met the SNI requirements because Pb, Cd, and Zn levels exceed the safe limits for the quality requirements of cocoa beans. The best cocoa beans from non-mining with GHP treatment (11.98% fat, total acid 313.25, pH 5.05, crude fiber 13.49%, polyphenols 0.37, and moisture content 7.84%)

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Section: Results Of Heavy Metal Analysis Of Cocoa Beansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Good Handling Practice Study to Reduce The Level of Contamination in Cocoa Beans in East Luwu

Dewayani

Syamsuri

Septianti

et al. 2022

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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“…Pada beberapa penelitian menunjukkan, kadar Cd pada biji kakao asal Ekuadar dapat mencapai 0.94 ppm dan pada biji kakao asal Ghana hanya sebesar 0.27 ppm 5,39 . Sedangkan, pada biji kakao asal Sulawesi Barat dan Sulawesi Tenggara memiliki kadar Cd masing-masing sebesar 0.75 ppm dan 0.67 ppm 40 . Oleh karena itu, masih terdapat beberapa biji kakao asal Indonesia dan Amerika Latin yang memiliki kandungan Cd yang melebihi batas maksimum Cd pada bahan baku lemak kakao dan produk turunan kakao lainnya sebesar 0,5 ppm 12,41 .…”

Section: Bahasanunclassified

Risiko Paparan Kadmium Dari Cokelat Batang Pada Konsumen Di Indonesia

Erfan¹,

Nuraida

Giriwono³

2021

Penel Gizi Makan

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ABSTRACT Cadmium (Cd) is a common contaminant found in cocoa derivative products such as chocolate bars because it is carried away from cocoa beans. The popularity of chocolate bars among Indonesian consumers may pose a health risk due to Cd content in chocolate bars. The present study aimed to estimate the risk of dietary exposure on Cd from chocolate bars to the Indonesian population. The data of chocolate bars consumption in 1324 respondents were obtained from Individual Food Consumption Survey in 2014. Samples of 10 different variants of chocolate bars were collected from markets in Indonesia from the provinces of DKI Jakarta and West Java. All samples were analyzed for their Cd content using Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). The results show the highest average consumption of chocolate bars was found in adolescence (13-18 years), followed by a toddler (6-59 months) and children (5-12 years). Cd content in chocolate bars ranged between 0.00012 mg/kg to 0.12 mg/kg with the highest content was found in one variant of sweet dark chocolate bar. None of the samples contained Cd above the maximum limits of Cd (0.5 mg/kg in chocolate bar products) as regulated by NADFC. The highest average exposure to Cd from chocolate bars was found in toddlers (6-59 months), 0.09336 µg/kg BW/day. The average, maximum, and P95th exposures to Cd from chocolate bars in all age groups did not exceed its Provisional Tolerable Monthly Intake (PTMI), indicating that the exposure to Cd through chocolate bar products do not pose any potential risk to human health. ABSTRAK Kadmium (Cd) merupakan kontaminan yang umum ditemukan pada produk turunan kakao seperti coklat batang karena terbawa dari biji kakao. Popularitas cokelat batang di kalangan konsumen Indonesia dapat menimbulkan risiko kesehatan akibat kandungan Cd dalam cokelat batang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperkirakan risiko tingkat paparan Cd dari cokelat batang pada populasi di Indonesia. Data konsumsi cokelat batang pada 1324 responden diperoleh dari Survei Konsumsi Makanan Individu tahun 2014. Sebanyak 10 sampel batang cokelat dari varian yang berbeda dikumpulkan dari pasar di Indonesia dari provinsi DKI Jakarta dan Jawa Barat. Seluruh sampel dianalisis kandungan Cd-nya menggunakan metode Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata konsumsi cokelat batang tertinggi ditemukan pada kelompok remaja (13-18 tahun), diikuti oleh balita (6-59 bulan) dan anak-anak (5-12 tahun). Kadar Cd pada seluruh cokelat batang berkisar antara 0,00012 mg/kg sampai 0,12 mg/kg dengan kadar Cd tertinggi terdapat pada salah satu varian coklat batang hitam manis. Tidak ada sampel yang mengandung Cd di atas batas maksimum Cd (0,5 mg/kg pada produk cokelat batang) sebagaimana diatur oleh BPOM. Rata-rata paparan Cd dari cokelat batang tertinggi ditemukan pada kelompok balita (6-59 bulan) yaitu sebesar 0,09336 µg/kg bb/hari. Nilai paparan rata-rata, maksimum dan P95 untuk Cd dari cokelat batang di kelompok seluruh umur tidak melebihi Provisional Tolerably Monthly Intake (PTMI) yang menunjukkan bahwa paparan Cd melalui produk cokelat batang tidak menimbulkan risiko potensial bagi kesehatan manusia. [Penel Gizi Makan 2021, 44(2):59-70]

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“…Synthetic chemical pesticide residue has been encountered in cacao beans, hence reducing the competitiveness of Indonesia's cacao products on the international market [5]. On the cacao beans from South Sulawesi and Southeast Sulawesi Provinces, the Cu (copper) heavy metal residue has even been discovered [6]. Pesticides with copper as active ingredient are generally used for controlling the black pod rot disease of cacao.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Botanical pesticide ability to control black pod rot of cacao Phytophthora palmivora (Butl.) Butl in the field

Bande¹,

Muhidin²,

H.S³

et al. 2023

World J. Adv. Res. Rev.

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The use of synthetic chemical pesticides for cacao black pod rot disease control to remove heavy metal residues on cacao beans needs to be reduced. This research aimed to find out the ability of botanical pesticides to lower BPR incidence, BPR infection rate, and botanical pesticides’ efficacy in controlling BPR. It was conducted at the Cacao Research Substation Garden of the Plantation and Horticulture Office of Southeast Sulawesi. The treatments experimented included control (no pesticide), CNSE, CNSE + CSLS, CNSE + whiteflower albizia bark extract, CNSE + siam weed leaf extract, CNSE + candle bush leaf extract, CNSE + whiteflower albizia bark extract + siam weed leaf extract + candle bush leaf extract, and synthetic pesticide with active ingredient copper oxysulfate at 345 g/L. Group-randomized trial was used as design in triplicate. The research results showed that the botanical pesticides of CNSE, and the was mixture with of CSLS, siam weed leaf extract, candle bush leaf extract, and whiteflower albizia bark extract were able to lower the disease incidence and slow down the infection rate of BPR. The lowest BPR incidence and infection rates were discovered in the CNSE + Siam weed leaf extract treatment, each at 38.90% and 0.087 per pod per week. The CNSE botanical pesticide mixed with Siam weed leaf extract, whiteflower albizia bark extract, and candle bush leaf extract demonstrated good efficacy above 50%, hence feasible to use as an alternative to chemical pesticides in BPR control.

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Kandungan Logam Berat Pada Biji Kakao Asal Sulawesi Barat Dan Tenggara

Cited by 4 publications

References 7 publications

Good Handling Practice Study to Reduce The Level of Contamination in Cocoa Beans in East Luwu

Good Handling Practice Study to Reduce The Level of Contamination in Cocoa Beans in East Luwu

Risiko Paparan Kadmium Dari Cokelat Batang Pada Konsumen Di Indonesia

Botanical pesticide ability to control black pod rot of cacao Phytophthora palmivora (Butl.) Butl in the field

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