Kajian Kebijakan Pemanfaatan Obat Tradisional Di Fasilitas Pelayanan Kesehatan Pada Era Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional

Abstract

Since the establishment of the Healthcare Social Security Agency (BPJS), there has been a low demand of patient demand for traditional medicine (TM) services in health care facilities. This study examined various aspects, situations/conditions and the potential use of TM in health facilities. Secondary sources, such as policies and regulations, and in-depth interviews, became the primary data. Those who in charge of the BPJS program was the key informant. The study focused on informants, particularly either Semarang or Surakarta. This study analysed the data, both descriptively and inductively. The aspects examined were services, the implementation of OT guarantees with BPJS, clinicians' readiness and government supports. The existence of JKN implies the use of OT to decrease dramatically. The health facilities did not fully utilise the presence of special allocation funds (DAK) and capitation arrangements. The list of TM was to contain the choices for preventive, promotive, curative, and palliative efforts either a compliment or an adjuvant. TM services involved in the path of preventive, promotive or curative actions either as an adjuvant, or complement with conventional medicine. TM financing may be from DAK, capitation funds or APBN II; however, these sources did not optimise yet. This condition happened due to the lack of political will from stakeholders, as well as the absence of standard reference for the Traditional Medicine Formulary, especially BPJS enrollment by the future. Therefore, the Ministry of Health RI has to issue a decree for health facilities obliged to provide services with traditional medicines. 
 Abstrak
 
 Sejak dibentuknya Badan Pengelola Jaminan Sosial (BPJS),terjadi penurunan permintaan pasien atas layanan obat tradisional di fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan (fasyankes). Tujuan menganalisis berbagai aspek, situasi /kondisipemanfaatan obat tradisional dalam pelayanan di fasyankes. Mengkaji peraturan perundang-undangan dan kebijakan terkait pemanfaatan obat tradisional di fasyankes,dan melakukan wawancara mendalam dengan nara sumber relevan di fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan dan dinas kesehatan terpilih (Kota Surakarta dan Semarang). Analisis dilakukan secara deskriptif dan induktif. Terdapat lebih dari 20 peraturan perundang-undangan dan kebijakan terkait pemanfaatanobat tradisional di fasyankes.Aspek yang dikaji adalah pelayanan, implementasi jaminan OT dengan BPJS, kesiapan klinisi dan dukungan pemerintah. Adanya JKN menyebabkan penggunaan OT mengalami penurunan drastis, adanya pengaturan dana alokasi khusus (DAK) dan kapitasi, tidak dimanfaatkan fasyankes. Komite medik rumah sakit, puskesmas serta dinas kesehatan membutuhkan adanya daftar obat tradisional yang dapat digunakan di fasyankes yang ditetapkan pemerintah. Daftar obat tradisional diharapkan berisi pilihan obat tradisional untuk upaya preventif, promotif, kuratif ringan dan paliatif sebagai komplemen maupun sebagai adjuvan. Pelayanan dengan obat tradisional masuk jalur upaya preventif, promotif atau kuratif ringan baik sebagai adjuvant maupun komplemen dengan obat konvensional. Pembiayaan obat tradisional dapat dilakukan dengan DAK, dana Kapita si atau APBN II, namun belum dimanfaatkan. Kondisi ini karena kurangnya political will dari stake holder dan belum adanya acuan standar Formularium Obat Tradisional, terutama jika kemudian hari dapat dijamin oleh BPJS. Masih dibutuhkan adanya regulasi ketetapan menteri bahwa fasyankes wajib melakukan pelayanan dengan obat tradisional.

Indonesian Traditional Medicines: The Use Before And During The COVID-19 Pandemic At Online Pharmacy Networks In Indonesia

“…There are still a few Indonesian traditional medicines that are licensed as OHT (Standardized Herbal Medicines) and FF (Phytopharmaceuticals). Based on Indonesia's National Agency of Drug and Food Control data in 2017, there are more than 12,000 types of traditional medicinal products, 64 types of OHT products, and 20 types of phytopharmaceuticals (Widowati et al, 2020).…”

ABG Point of View in Lemongrass and Ginger Potency for Commercialization as Herbal with Anti-Diabetic Claim in Indonesia

“…For now, herbal products cannot be sold in hospitals because there is still a lack of political will from stakeholders and no sufficient standard yet for the Formulary of Traditional Medicine. However, when it can be guaranteed by insurance, there is still a need for ministerial regulations to provide services with traditional medicine [15].…”

Pengaruh Pemberian Suspensi Serbuk dan Nanopartikel Seledri (Apium graveolens) Terhadap Kondisi Kolitis Pada Mencit yang Diinduksi DSS (Dextran Sodium Sulphate)

“…Pengunaan obat tradisional sebagai komplementer dengan obat konvensional, dapat meningkatkan atau mempercepat penyembuhan (Widowati et al, 2020). Seledri (Apium graveolens) berpotensi untuk dimanfaatkan sebagai alternatif pengobatan karena dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai agen antiinflamasi, kandungan fenolik dan flavonoid dari seledri potensi pembersihan radikal bebas Nitric Oxide (NO), efek stabilisasi membran dan pencegahan denaturasi protein (Derouich et al, 2020).…”