Joint effects of birth outcomes and childhood body mass index on respiratory symptoms

Wang, Wenhua; Chen, Pau‐Chung; Hsieh, Wu‐Shiun; Lee, Yungling Leo

doi:10.1183/09031936.00091311

Cited by 20 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Although some Authors reported that children’s asthma is likely to be more associated with unemployed parents [30], we did not find any relation with parental employment status. Conversely, a significant association with elevated BMI was observed, in agreement with previous SIDRIA and other international studies [26,27] which indicated that overweight and obese children/adolescents are at greater risk of developing asthma. Interestingly, a national survey [31] reported an excess weight in 34.0% of Italian children/adolescents, and an increased prevalence up to 41.3% in Molise region, where the 14.8% and 26.5% are obese or overweight, respectively.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Our results did not show any association between asthma and low birth weight, which usually represents a predisposing factor for lower lung function and development of disease [26], especially in children/adolescents with birth weight below 3,000 g [27]. Similarly, a high birth weight (> 4,500 g) may be a risk factor for asthma in childhood [28] promoting airways inflammation, but no association could have been evaluated because of low representativeness of this category.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

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Asthma prevalence and risk factors among children and adolescents living around an industrial area: a cross-sectional study

et al. 2013

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BackgroundThe exposure to air pollution has negative effects on human health, increasing the risk of respiratory diseases, such as asthma. Few data are yet available on the epidemiology of childhood asthma in some areas of Italy. The aim of the study was to estimate asthma prevalence and related risk factors in children and adolescents residents around the industrial area of Termoli, Molise region, Central-South Italy.MethodsPrevalence was assessed through the administration of modified ISAAC questionnaires filled out by parents of 89 children and adolescents for the identification of confirmed and probable cases, and by analyzing pediatricians’ databases on drug prescriptions for symptoms control and treatment of assisted population in the study area (n = 1,004), compared to a control area (n = 920) with lower industrialization. The association of asthma with risk factors was evaluated by univariate (Chi-square or Fisher’s Exact test) and regression logistic analysis.ResultsA total of 22 (24.7%) asthmatics were identified, including both confirmed (n = 7; 7.9%) and probable cases (n = 15; 16.8%), most of them (n = 17; 77.3%) resident of Termoli town. All asthma cases were georeferenced based on the residence, however clusters were not found. Using drug prescriptions analysis, a higher prevalence (n = 138; 13.7%) of diagnosed cases was found. Lifetime history of both atopic dermatitis and bronchitis were significantly relateds to asthma cases, as well as an elevated body mass index, whose association is consistent with prevalence data of overweight/obese children living in the study area. Moreover, being resident of the town of Termoli was associated to the occurrence of cases.ConclusionsAlthough our data indicated a prevalence concordance with previous national studies in pediatric population, a definitive correlation with environmental industrial factors present in the study area was not established. However, asthma outcome was significantly associated to individuals living in the town of Termoli that, despite the industrial/manufacturing activities, is also subjected to a higher environmental pressure due to the presence of toll road, state highway, railroad, and seaport which may cause air pollution from motor vehicle traffic and increase asthma induction. This study provides hitherto unavailable data on asthma in childhood population living in an industrialized area which was never investigated before, could be part of a systematic review or meta-analysis procedure, might suggest significant findings for larger observational studies, and contribute to complete the frame of disease epidemiology in Italy.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Asthma prevalence and risk factors among children and adolescents living around an industrial area: a cross-sectional study

et al. 2013

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“…Findings on asthma and SGA have also been inconclusive. While some indicated an association between SGA and increased risk of asthma [15,31], others found no association [9,32,33], or even an inverse association [34,35]. Comparison of these studies is hampered by differences in defining the study populations and their size, e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Birth weight, gestational age, fetal growth and childhood asthma hospitalization

Liu

Olsen

Agerbo

et al. 2014

All Asth Clin Immun

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BackgroundChildhood asthma may have a fetal origin through fetal growth and development of the immunocompetence or respiratory organs.ObjectiveWe examined to which extent short gestational age, low birth weight and fetal growth restriction were associated with an increased risk of asthma hospitalization in childhood.MethodsWe undertook a cohort study based on several national registers in Denmark, Sweden and Finland. We included all live singleton born children in Denmark during 1979-2005 (N = 1,538,093), in Sweden during 1973-2004 (N = 3,067,670), and a 90% random sample of singleton children born in Finland during 1987-2004 (N = 1,050,744). The children were followed from three years of age to first hospitalization for asthma, emigration, death, their 18th birthday, or the end of study (the end of 2008 in Denmark, and the end of 2007 in Sweden or Finland), whichever came first. We computed the pseudo-values for each observation and used them in a generalized estimating equation to estimate relative risks (RR) for asthma hospitalization.ResultsA total of 131,783 children were hospitalized for asthma during follow-up. The risk for asthma hospitalization consistently increased with lower birth weight and shorter gestational age. A 1000-g decrease in birth weight corresponded to a RR of 1.17 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.15-1.18). A one-week decrease in gestational age corresponded to a RR of 1.05 (95% CI 1.04-1.06). Small for gestational age was associated with an increased risk of asthma hospitalization in term but not in preterm born children.ConclusionsFetal growth and gestational age may play a direct or indirect causal role in the development of childhood asthma.

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“…The low birth weight cohorts were more likely to report wheezing among adolescents [1,2,13,14]. Regardless of birth weight, higher ETS exposure consistently resulted in increased odds of wheezing, as reported by others [3,4].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Low birth weight and environmental tobacco smoke increases the risk of wheezing in adolescents: a retrospective cohort study

et al. 2014

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BackgroundLow birth weight (LBW) and environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure are each associated with wheezing in children. This study was designed to examine the combined association of LBW and ETS with wheezing.MethodsA retrospective birth cohort analysis linked with a national survey of allergic disorders among 1,018,031 junior high school students in Taiwan (1995–1996) was analyzed. The reported incidence of wheezing (yes or no) and ETS exposure (4 categories: 0, 1–20, 21–40 and greater than or equal to 41 household cigarettes per day) were obtained from validated questionnaires. Multiple logistic regression models were used to assess the associations of interest.ResultsThere were 844,003 (83%) subjects analyzed after the exclusion criteria. LBW was associated with an increased risk of reporting ever wheezing (odds ratio [OR] = 1.08, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.01–1.16), current wheezing (OR = 1.09, 95% CI = 1.00–1.20) and wheezing with exercise (OR = 1.11, 95% CI = 1.02–1.21) within the smoke-free cohort. Higher ETS exposure correlated to a higher risk of wheezing (ever, current and with exercise). With ETS exposure, adolescents from the lowest birth weight cohorts were more likely to report wheezing (ever, current and with exercise).ConclusionsETS and LBW each has been related to increasing public health risk for respiratory symptoms among adolescents. Furthermore, LBW may aggravate the risk among those exposed to ETS. LBW, ETS and associated respiratory impairments may deserve special attention as part of a comprehensive environmental health risk assessment directed toward prevention and intervention.

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Joint effects of birth outcomes and childhood body mass index on respiratory symptoms

Cited by 20 publications

References 36 publications

Asthma prevalence and risk factors among children and adolescents living around an industrial area: a cross-sectional study

Asthma prevalence and risk factors among children and adolescents living around an industrial area: a cross-sectional study

Birth weight, gestational age, fetal growth and childhood asthma hospitalization

Low birth weight and environmental tobacco smoke increases the risk of wheezing in adolescents: a retrospective cohort study

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