Abstract:BackgroundThe exposure to air pollution has negative effects on human health, increasing the risk of respiratory diseases, such as asthma. Few data are yet available on the epidemiology of childhood asthma in some areas of Italy. The aim of the study was to estimate asthma prevalence and related risk factors in children and adolescents residents around the industrial area of Termoli, Molise region, Central-South Italy.MethodsPrevalence was assessed through the administration of modified ISAAC questionnaires fi… Show more
Aim: The lifestyle and environmental changes associated with industrialization and urbanization are crucial factors in determining the prevalence of allergic diseases.
Material and Methods:The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of asthma and other allergic disorders in an industrial town.Study Design: Prospective, Cross-sectional study. This cross-sectional population-based study was conducted in Kemalpasa, İzmir, Turkey, which is an industrial town. Using the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC), the questionnaire was carried out on 1511 school-children aged between 13-14 years living in the district center. Results: The ISAAC Phase One questionnaire was answered by 1373 (90.87%) students. Six hundred ninety two (50.5%) of the children were girls and 681 (49.5%) were boys. The frequency of ever wheezing was 34%,that of current wheezing was 31.1% and that of physician-diagnosed asthma was 4.1%. The frequency of ever rhinitis was 36.6%, current rhinitis was 31.3%, current allergic rhino-conjunctivitis was 22.1% and physician-diagnosed allergic rhinitis was 11.1%. The frequency of ever eczema was 11.3% and that of physician-diagnosed eczema was 3.6%. Conclusion: The prevalence of asthma was found to be significantly higher, although there was no significant difference in allergic rhinitis and eczema compared with non-industrial neighboring states. The incidence of asthma was higher than other provinces which may be explained by the risk factors associated with this industrialized area. The fact that only children of the same age group and residence were evaluated contributed to the epidemiological value of our study.
Aim: The lifestyle and environmental changes associated with industrialization and urbanization are crucial factors in determining the prevalence of allergic diseases.
Material and Methods:The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of asthma and other allergic disorders in an industrial town.Study Design: Prospective, Cross-sectional study. This cross-sectional population-based study was conducted in Kemalpasa, İzmir, Turkey, which is an industrial town. Using the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC), the questionnaire was carried out on 1511 school-children aged between 13-14 years living in the district center. Results: The ISAAC Phase One questionnaire was answered by 1373 (90.87%) students. Six hundred ninety two (50.5%) of the children were girls and 681 (49.5%) were boys. The frequency of ever wheezing was 34%,that of current wheezing was 31.1% and that of physician-diagnosed asthma was 4.1%. The frequency of ever rhinitis was 36.6%, current rhinitis was 31.3%, current allergic rhino-conjunctivitis was 22.1% and physician-diagnosed allergic rhinitis was 11.1%. The frequency of ever eczema was 11.3% and that of physician-diagnosed eczema was 3.6%. Conclusion: The prevalence of asthma was found to be significantly higher, although there was no significant difference in allergic rhinitis and eczema compared with non-industrial neighboring states. The incidence of asthma was higher than other provinces which may be explained by the risk factors associated with this industrialized area. The fact that only children of the same age group and residence were evaluated contributed to the epidemiological value of our study.
“…53.1% children (77, out of 145) had a family h/o Bronchial asthma. Many studies have shown strong correlation between positive family h/o atopy and bronchial asthma [22].…”
Background: Understanding of clinical profile and associated risk factors such as family history, exposure to smoke (indoor/outdoor), allergen, and others may help taking suitable and timely preventive measures. Therefore Aim: This study aims to find the clinical profile and associated factors with bronchial asthma among children from south India. Methods: This study was conducted at the Department of Paediatrics, Kasturba Medical College located at Manipal during 2013-2014. After taking detailed history, study subjects were taken and examined clinically on this basis for active wheeze/whistling. Relevant information on demography, environmental, and risk factors associated with asthma were noted. Results: 45.5% had symptoms suggestive of intermittent asthma, 28.7% had mild persistent asthma, and 21.9% had symptoms consistent with moderate persistent disease. 44.8% qualified as early onset asthma i.e. onset before 3 years of age. 75.9% children had h/o allergic diathesis; with allergic rhinitis being the most common manifestation (70.34%). Seasonal variation (81.3%) was the most commonly encountered triggering factor, followed by h/o preceding upper respiratory infection (80%), dust exposure (74.5%) and smoke exposure (62.7%). Conclusion: There was high prevalence of asthma among children in this study. The mean age at presentation and clinical profile of the early onset and late onset asthma groups was similar and comparable. Seasonal exacerbation of symptoms was the most common triggering event.
“…Asthma, a chronic respiratory disease, affects about 10% of adults and up to 30% of children. 1 , 2 Multiple demographic, environmental, and genetic factors, including sex, obesity, smoking history, exposure to air pollution, several genes in the lung development pathway, and family history, have been found to be associated with increased risk of asthma. 3 – 9 Asthma is inheritable, and many studies have found elevated risk associated with a positive parental history of asthma, positive first-degree relatives’ history of asthma, and the number of affected relatives.…”
PurposeThis study aimed to examine the separate effects of maternal and paternal history on the onset of asthma in children and evaluate the relationship between age of asthma onset in parents and risk of asthma in their children.MethodsWe used data from the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. We developed new continuous standardized scores for survey data to quantify parental history that incorporated both the occurrence of asthma and the age at onset, and associated these scores with asthma risk in the children. The association analysis was adjusted for sex and obesity status.ResultsChildren with maternal history have elevated asthma risk (hazard ratio of 3.71, 95% CI: 1.19–11.60) than those without, and those whose mothers had earlier age of onset have increased risk of asthma compared to those whose mothers had later age of onset. On the contrary, paternal history had a relatively smaller effect that may be only detectable in larger samples (hazard ratio of 2.17, 95% CI: 0.69–6.79).ConclusionMaternal asthma history was strongly associated with the onset of asthma in the second generation, and children whose mother had an earlier age of onset had an increased risk of 3.71. For an approximately 10-year decrease in mother’s age at onset of asthma, the risk of asthma for the offspring increased by 1.37-fold. Using our new risk scores led to smaller standard errors and thus more precise estimates than using a binary indicator.
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