Joint action with artificial agents: Human-likeness in behaviour and morphology affects sensorimotor signaling and social inclusion

Ciardo, Francesca; Tommaso, Davide De; Wykowska, Agnieszka

doi:10.1016/j.chb.2022.107237

Cited by 15 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…This finding led to further exploration of the factors that may influence the adoption of the intentional stance, such as expectations and trust (Perez-Osorio et al, 2019;Vinanzi et al, 2021), behavioral variability and adaptiveness (Ciardo et al, 2022b, Vignolo et al, 2022, length of the interaction (Abubshait & Wykowska, 2020) or human-likeness in behavior (Bryant et al, 2020;Marchesi et al, 2021;2022). Human-likeness of behavior is quite a criticial hint for humans to attribute human traits to artefacts (Ciardo et al, 2022). In the context of intentional stance, Marchesi et al (2022) developed a paradigm that would engage participants in a daily activity with the robot.…”

Section: Examining Social Cognition With the Use Of Humanoid Robots -...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Humanoid robots can be included in interactive protocols, involving joint manipulation of objects, and joint action (Ciardo et al, 2022;Henschel et al, 2020). Simultaneously, embodied humanoid robots have also the advantage of higher experimental control relative to interactive protocols involving human confederates or dyads of participants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tools and methods to study and replicate experiments addressing human social cognition in interactive scenarios.

Marchesi¹,

Tommaso²,

Kompatsiari³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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In the last decade scientist started bridging the traditional laboratory based experimental protocols to investigate human social cognition, with more ecological and “into the wild” protocols where we spontaneously employ our socio-cognitive mechanisms differently compared to more controlled environments, in line with the second person neuroscience approach. As this framework implies transferring 2-D paradigms to 3-D interactive environments, the risk of losing experimental control, and thus, precision in experimental replicability arises. Therefore, we propose a set of methods to investigate human social cognition in 3-D environments, with an embodied humanoid robot as an integrative tool to overcome replicability issues. To this end, we present two case studies where our methods and tools were applied and replicated across two different laboratories, namely the Italian Institute of Technology in Genova (Italy) and the Agency for Science, Technology and Research in Singapore. In the first case study, we present a replication of an adapted of a gaze cueing paradigm presented by Kompatsiari et al. (2022) developed to investigate the role of eye contact in joint attention. The second case study presents a replication of a paradigm presented by Marchesi et al., (2022), developed to investigate the attribution of mental states to humanoid robots. We argue that our set of methods and tools shows that complex experimental paradigms can also be transferable across Countries, to allow, for example cross-cultural comparisons, without sacrificing experimental control and resources.

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Section: Examining Social Cognition With the Use Of Humanoid Robots -...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tools and methods to study and replicate experiments addressing human social cognition in interactive scenarios.

Marchesi¹,

Tommaso²,

Kompatsiari³

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In summary, the incorporation of cultural and social values and norms in the design of humanoid robots has numerous advantages that can enhance their effectiveness and social acceptance. Cultural factors can play a crucial role in shaping individuals' attitudes toward robots and robots' social inclusion (Ciardo et al, 2022;Fortunati & Edwards, 2022). However, further research is needed to investigate the potential role of culture in the social inclusion of robots, as a function of mind perception and attribution of intentionality.…”

Section: Cultural Influences: Norms and Valuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

How do we approach robots: anthropomorphism, the intentional stance, cultural norms and values, and societal implications

Marchesi¹,

Wykowska²

2023

Preprint

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Sharing our social environments with social robots is an experience that is becoming more and more common (Dautenhahn, 2007; Prescott & Robillard, 2021). Thus, it is pivotal to understand how we integrate such artificial agents into our societies and the ethical consequences of this integration. Thus, understanding how we relate to artificial agents should be based on the examination of not only the individual human (Wykowska, 2021), but also cultural contexts and the societal expectations we absorb growing up in our societies.Artificial agents can be considered technologically opaque (Surden & Williams, 2016), meaning that their technological complexity (i.e., the complexity of their hardware and software) makes them perceived as in-between entities: they are clearly man-made artifacts, nevertheless, they can potentially be perceived as social actors. Some authors argue that the potential double nature of social robots can constitute even a new ontological category (NOC) (Kahn, & Shen, 2017), thus, investigating people’s relationship towards them is of high interest to social and cognitive scientists. The purpose of the present chapter is to explore the different factors that contribute to the perception of artificial agents, such as humanoid robots, as potential social agents and how these factors can contribute to the creation and design of social robots that will be accepted as part of our social environments. We focus on three major factors: anthropomorphism, intentional stance, and cultural contexts. Finally, we will discuss the importance of including such factors in the design of social robots and how these choices can affect the ethical and moral implications for our society.

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“…In these terms, the embodied nature of robots should allow the gap between frames of reference to be overcome, since robots can actually "act" in the physical environment through "physical" action events. A recent study [16] tested the effect of the occurrence of errors on human performance while playing a musical synchronization task with the humanoid iCub robot [17] or a disembodied algorithm run by a computer. Across groups of participants, the authors manipulated the type of error depicted by the artificial partner during the task.…”

Section: Overcoming the Ootl Problem In Hri: An Approach Based On Joi...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal adaptation and anticipation mechanisms to overcome the Out Of The Loop problem in HRI

Ciardo¹,

Wykowska²,

Keller³

2022

Preprint

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The present paper outlines an approach based on joint action to overcome the Out Of The Loop (OOTL) phenomenon in HRI. Our proposed solution involves endowing artificial agents, specifically robots, with the same temporal adaptation and anticipation mechanisms that underlie mutual influence in human-human interactions. Specifically, we argue that independently from the motoric repertoire of the robot, its behaviour should be characterized by reactive period and phase correction together with temporal prediction mechanisms that facilitate precise coordination with the user. This will optimize the balance of self-other integration and segregation, allowing the human to stay in the loop during joint action with a robot

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Joint action with artificial agents: Human-likeness in behaviour and morphology affects sensorimotor signaling and social inclusion

Cited by 15 publications

References 52 publications

Tools and methods to study and replicate experiments addressing human social cognition in interactive scenarios.

Tools and methods to study and replicate experiments addressing human social cognition in interactive scenarios.

How do we approach robots: anthropomorphism, the intentional stance, cultural norms and values, and societal implications

Temporal adaptation and anticipation mechanisms to overcome the Out Of The Loop problem in HRI

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