“…The results from recent literature are mixed. Some studies (for example, Broersma & Gautier, [1997] for Netherlands, Voulgaris, Papadogonas, & Agiomirgianakis, [2005] for Greece, Neumark et al, [2011] for the U.S., Hijzen, Upward, & Wright, [2010] for the U.K.) find a negative relationship between firm size and job creation like Birch, and some (for example, Hohti, [2000] for Finland , Juniper, Mitchell, & Myers, [2004] for Australia) find no or a positive one like Davis et al (1996a). Haltiwanger Jarmin, and Miranda (2013) focus on firm age and find that in the U.S., once the firm age is accounted for, systematic negative relationship between firm size and job creation that is reported in some of the studies mentioned above disappears.…”