“…In response, teachers quickly developed new skills and implemented a variety of instructional strategies to continue providing education to their pupils (Reimers & Schleicher, 2020). Moreover, they responded to pastoral challenges sometimes in light of new or increased social, economic, and welfare problems at home (Kim et al, 2023; Kim & Asbury, 2020; Kim, Dundas, & Asbury, 2021; Kim, Oxley, & Asbury, 2021).…”