Isozyme variation and genetic relatedness among natural populations of Pleurotus ostreatus.

Abstract

The genetic relatedness among thirty-three natural isolates of an edible mushroom, Pleurotus ostreatus, collected from Japan, Europe, U.S.A. and Korea was characterized by isoelectric focusing on polyacrylamide gels. The activities of acid phosphatase, alcohol dehydrogenase, esterase, laccase and malate dehydrogenase displayed 19, 9, 32, 11 and 10 distinct isozyme patterns, respectively.By combining the isozyme patterns obtained with the five enzymes, every isolate showed its own distinct electrophoretic phenotype. A distance matrix calculated between all pairs of the 33 electrophoretic phenotypes based on the presence or absence of isozyme bands was analyzed by the group-average method. Results of the cluster analysis assigned the 33 phenotypes into four major groups, each of which coincided with geographically distinct populations. These results suggest that geographical distance between natural populations of P. ostreatus is correlated with the genetic divergence.

Development and Characterization of New Microsatellite Markers for the Oyster Mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus)

“…Disputes between farmers and spawn suppliers related to cultivated strains are becoming more frequent. As Pleurotus is the most commonly cultivated edible mushroom, and its consumption is continuously increasing, many attempts have been made to standardize the distribution of various Pleurotus cultivars for mushroom farming [5,10,11]. Identical strains with different commercial names or different strains with the same name often occur in the cultivation and spawn market.…”

Some characteristics of three groups in Flammulina velutipes classified by analysis of esterase isozymes

“…Kummer (Matsumoto et al 1995) showed several isozyme patterns by esterase isozyme analysis. In the natural populations of L. edodes and P. ostreatus, the results of the cluster analysis derived from the isozyme patterns were coincident with geographic distances and genetic differences (Fukuda and Tokimoto 1991;Matsumoto et al 1995). However, in the natural population of F. velutipes, the cluster analysis did not coincide with geographic distances.…”

Characterization and Histochemical Localization of Nonspecific Esterase from Ascocarps of Desert Truffle (Terfezia claveryi Chatin)

“…The increase in the levels of this enzyme has been taken as an indication of the enhanced metabolic activity produced during the establishment of arbuscular mycorrhizal associations () . In addition, the esterase isozyme pattern has been used as a tool for the characterization of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi ( , ) and in taxonomic studies of edible mushrooms ( − ) . Esterase has been detected in pathogenous fungi, such as Pestalotia malicola () and Botrytis elliptica (), where this enzyme could be involved in the infection processes ( − ).…”

“…The substrate (0.3 mM pNPB) was then added, and the reaction was started by adding the enzyme (0.002 unit). The temperature stability was also studied(9). The enzyme was incubated at the desired temperature in a thermostatic bath.…”