Isotope composition of carbon dioxide and methane in a tropical urban atmosphere

Carballo-Chaves, Kevin; Villalobos-Forbes, Mario; Esquivel‐Hernández, Germain; Sánchez‐Murillo, Ricardo

doi:10.1080/10256016.2020.1803855

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…The accumulation of air pollutants is enhanced during the wet season by a reduction in the mixed layer height, which decreases the intensity of the gas mixing dynamics in the local atmospheric boundary layer (Carballo-Chaves et al 2020;Esquivel-Hernández et al 2015). The chemical composition of precipitation collected in the capital city (San José) is also affected by contributions from these anthropogenic emissions (e.g., NOx and SO2) during the wet season (Herrera-Murillo and Rodríguez-Román 2009).…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent observations in the mixing ratios of trace gases (e.g., carbon dioxide and methane) in the urban area of Costa Rica indicate that there is a strong influence of the local atmospheric mixing conditions on the dispersion and chemical transformations of atmospheric pollutants in the local atmosphere. Overall, these mixing conditions are mostly controlled by the seasonal variation in the height of the local boundary layer (Carballo-Chaves et al, 2020). Therefore, the analysis of stable isotopes in precipitation and its chemistry can provide valuable insights of hydrometeorological conditions and rainfall generation processes controlling the nitrogen wet deposition mechanisms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Stable isotopic characterization of nitrate wet deposition in the tropical urban atmosphere of Costa Rica

Villalobos-Forbes

Esquivel‐Hernández

Sánchez‐Murillo

et al. 2021

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Increasing energy consumption and food production worldwide results in anthropogenic emissions of reactive nitrogen into the atmosphere. To date, however, little information is available on tropical urban environments where inorganic nitrogen is vastly transported and deposited through precipitation on terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. To fill this gap, we present compositions of water stable isotopes in precipitation and atmospheric nitrate (δ 18 O-H2O, δ 2 H-H2O, δ 15 N-NO3 -, and δ 18 O-NO3 -) collected daily between August 2018 and November 2019 in a tropical urban atmosphere of central Costa Rica. Rainfall generation processes (convective and stratiform) were identified using stable isotopes in precipitation combined with air mass back trajectory analysis. A Bayesian isotope mixing model forced with δ 15 N-NO3values corrected for potential 15 N fractionation effects reveal the predominant contribution of biomass burning and lightning to nitrate wet deposition. δ 18 O-NO3values in Caribbean convective rainfall reflect the oxidation chemistry of NOx sources whereas δ 15 N-NO3values in Pacific stratiform rainfall indicate the transport of nitrogen sources contributing to nitrate in atmospheric deposition. These findings provide necessary baseline information about the combination of water and nitrogen stable isotopes with atmospheric chemistry and hydrometeorological techniques to better understand wet deposition processes and to characterize the origin of inorganic nitrogen loadings in tropical regions.

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Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stable isotopic characterization of nitrate wet deposition in the tropical urban atmosphere of Costa Rica

Villalobos-Forbes

Esquivel‐Hernández

Sánchez‐Murillo

et al. 2021

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Exploring the acid neutralizing effect in rainwater collected at a tropical urban area: Central Valley, Costa Rica

Esquivel-Hernández,

Sánchez-Murillo,

Villalobos-Córdoba

et al. 2023

Atmospheric Pollution Research

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Environmental isotope applications in Latin America and the Caribbean region

Soto

Sánchez‐Murillo

Ortega

et al. 2020

Isotopes in Environmental and Health Studies

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This Special Issue illustrates the use of environmental isotopes in studying and assessing hydrogeological and ecohydrological issues in the Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) region. The issue includes twenty selected papers, which have been peer-reviewed in Isotopes in Environmental and Health Studies. Although the LAC region concentrates a third of the world's freshwater resources [1], access to safe water supplies and sanitation remains unevenly distributed, with water scarcity affecting most arid and semiarid areas and serious water quality issues across the region [2]. About 82% of the LAC population lives in urban centres, including some megacities, creating major challenges to water authorities [3]. Water security is often compromised due to a fast-growing water demand near urban centres (i.e. domestic supply, irrigation and industrial uses) along with the expected impacts of climate change [4] on both water availability and quality [5-7]. In many parts of the LAC region, groundwater resources have become the main or the only source of water to cover basic human needs and the maintenance of ecosystems [8-10]. This rapid increase of water demand is generally translated into intensive and unsustainable exploitation of water resources, having a profound impact on local hydrological cycles. In order to assess the availability of local resources for the near future and adopt sustainable management practices, sound and precise hydrological information is required. Stable (2 H, 13 C, 15 N, 18 O, 87 Sr) and radioactive (3 H, 7 Be, 14 C, 210 Pb, 222 Rn) environmental isotopes can provide unique and valuable information required for the assessment and comprehensive management of water resources and for understanding the complex interactions between terrestrial ecosystems (i.e. soil, vegetation) and the hydrological cycle. Isotope hydrology tools and methods have been used to characterise both surface and ground water systems, study recharge processes from rainfall generation to infiltration, coastal aquifers, major lakes and river basins as well as in assessing lake dynamics, geothermal fields, dam leakage problems, and evapotranspiration partitioning [11]. However, the incorporation of these applications in LAC has not been fully implemented yet. To date, there is a relatively small number of case studies published from a limited number of institutes and universities, often through the assistance and support provided since the 1980s by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) or through bilateral cooperation with other international agencies. The pressing need in recent years to better describe and understand our natural systems, coupled with the easier access to analytical instrumentation [12], has resulted in the establishment and consolidation of many research groups in the LAC region using environmental isotopes to study hydrological and ecological systems. Therefore, the region has made steady progress over the last years to train a new generation of experts in hydrology and ecology with courses and w...

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Isotope composition of carbon dioxide and methane in a tropical urban atmosphere

Cited by 3 publications

References 53 publications

Stable isotopic characterization of nitrate wet deposition in the tropical urban atmosphere of Costa Rica

Stable isotopic characterization of nitrate wet deposition in the tropical urban atmosphere of Costa Rica

Exploring the acid neutralizing effect in rainwater collected at a tropical urban area: Central Valley, Costa Rica

Environmental isotope applications in Latin America and the Caribbean region

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