Isomerization of lactose and lactulose production: review

Aïder, Mohammed; Halleux, D. de

doi:10.1016/j.tifs.2007.03.005

Cited by 145 publications

(101 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…First, because of its low price and other supreme properties, lactose is hugely used in the food and pharmaceutical industries. [33][34][35] Second, the synthesis of compound 1 can be achieved rather straight forward, a one-pot reaction by condensation of per-O-acetyl-D-lactose with diosgenin and deprotection, unlike the cases of multistep synthesis routes of other diosgenyl saponins bearing 3 or 4 monosaccharide residues. Concerning the advantages of this compound and the urgent need of new compound to treat OSCC, we carried out the current research.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Apoptotic Effects of Diosgeninlactoside on Oral Squamous Carcinoma Cells in Vitro and in Vivo

Wang

Sun

et al. 2014

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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Diosgenyl saponins possess a variety of biological functions. Herein, we demonstrate a new type of diosgenyl saponin derivatives that inhibit cellular proliferation of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cell lines. Thereafter, we analyzed these cells' expression of apoptosis-related proteins. Crucial proteins that participate in apoptosis regulation including caspases 8, 9, and 3, and cleaved Bid were activated and upregulated accompanied by increased concentrations of diosgenyl saponins. Meanwhile, Bcl-2 was downregulated and mitochondrial membrane potential decreased. In our mice model of OSCC, compound 1 showed potent inhibition of solid tumor growth and salient antitumor activity. Diosgenyl β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-Dglucopyranoside might induce OSCC cell line apoptosis through extrinsic and intrinsic pathways, and might provide a mechanistic background for the development of this new type of diosgenylsaponin derivatives into anti-oral cancer agents against OSCC.Key words diosgenyl saponin; oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC); apoptosis Oral cancer is one kind of the head and neck tumors, and is the eighth most common occurring cancers in the whole world.1) The factors related to this disease are reported to be tobacco usage, betel quid chewing, excessive alcohol drinking, dietary micronutrient deficiency, and human papilloma virus infection, etc. Its high incidence can be found worldwidely, including nearly all the continents, and caused serious public health threats.2,3) More than 90% of all oral cancers are attributed to oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). OSCC most commonly appears in tongue and the floor of the mouth, whereas it less frequently occurs in other locations such as lip, buccal mucosa, retromolar area, gingiva, soft palate and the back of the tongue and hard palate.4) It is generally accepted that OSCC is caused by mutations of oral keratinocyte: DNA mutations increase hyperplasia of keratinocyte and become pre-malignant or potentially malignant disorders (which are commonly manifested as Leukoplakia or Erythroplakia clinically). Next, they will deteriorate further into the stage of solid cancer or even penetrate across the epithelial basement membrane, and finally metastasize to lymph nodes, bone, brain, liver and other sites.5,6) So it will cause severe threat to the individual life. Also the tendency of its incidence is increasing continuously, around 480000 newly diagnosed cancers per year was reported globally.7) Therefore efficient treatment of OSCC is in urgent demand and is expected to play a key role in combating the overall oral cancers. Current treatment of OSCC has primarily relied on surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy or a combination of these methods. Unfortunately, the symptomatic tend to be diagnosed at an advanced stage, and the 5-year survival rates are still as low as 50% for the past decades. [8][9][10] Since OSCC has a relatively high rate of occult metastases, 11) to the majority of patients with advanced cancer, chemotherapy is an indispensable therapy. However,...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Apoptotic Effects of Diosgeninlactoside on Oral Squamous Carcinoma Cells in Vitro and in Vivo

Wang

Sun

et al. 2014

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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“…These processes may be the isomerization of lactose in alkaline medium by Lobry de Bruyn-Alberda van Ekenstein reaction (Figure 2), rearranging the glucose residue into the However, care must be taken in the extraction and purification of lactulose, since a large number of complexing reagents such as alumiates and borates, alkalis like sodium and calcium hydroxides, or β-galactosidase enzymes used in the transgalactosylation reaction can catalyze the isomerization of lactose in lactulose. Thus, the catalyst must have some properties such as low cost, easy to remove from medium, safe and non-toxic (Aider & Halleux, 2007;Schuster-Wolff-Bühring et al, 2010).…”

Section: Lactulose Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among its various nutritional and pharmacological properties, lactulose has low caloric content and low cariogenicity, and it is capable of preventing adhesion and pathogenicity of bacteria and toxins. Besides, lactulose can be used by food industries to enrich products due to its prebiotic benefits for human health (Aider & Halleux, 2007;Gänzle et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Obtainment, quantification and use of lactulose as a functional food – a review

et al. 2017

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Whey (milk serum) is produced by the dairy industry during the manufacture of cheese. In addition to being a valuable source of functional and nutritional proteins, whey also presents almost all the lactose from the original whole milk. However, many industries still consider the whey as an effluent, which can cause serious environmental problems when not properly treated. Therefore, it is important to develop alternatives for the adequate use of whey. The lactose obtained from whey permeate can be converted into lactulose, a prebiotic which may be metabolized in the intestine by probiotic bacteria, such as Lactobacillus sp. and Bifidobacterium sp., through enzymatic isomerization or by using alkaline catalysts, with minimal secondary reactions and high yield. This manuscript provides information about various techniques used to produce lactulose, its purification and analysis, as well as its mechanisms of action and alternative applications in food products and medicines.Keywords: lactose isomerization; lactulose; prebiotics; reuse of industrial byproducts; whey permeate.Practical Application: Synthesizing and quantifying lactulose from whey permeate, and use in the dairy industry.

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“…A presença de microrganismos e a utilização de elevadas temperaturas no processo [10] também não são capazes de converter a lactose em seus monossacarídeos -galactose e glicose, hidrólise essa que ocorre somente no trato intestinal [20,21] , pela ação da enzima lactase [10] . Por outro lado, durante severos tratamentos térmicos ocorre a produção de um epímero -a lactulose (4-O-β-dgalactopiranosil-d-frutose) [22] , formada a partir…”

Section: Planejamento Fatorialunclassified

“…pelo rearranjo de Lobry de Bruyn-Alberda van Ekenstein [12] , ou pela isomerização alcalina [5,21] .…”

Section: Planejamento Fatorialunclassified

Desenvolvimento e validação de método para extração e quantificação através de HPLC com índice de refração para lactose em leite pasteurizado

Acquaro¹,

Madeira²,

Castilho³

et al. 2013

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Isomerization of lactose and lactulose production: review

Cited by 145 publications

References 40 publications

Apoptotic Effects of Diosgeninlactoside on Oral Squamous Carcinoma Cells <i>in Vitro</i> and <i>in Vivo</i>

Apoptotic Effects of Diosgeninlactoside on Oral Squamous Carcinoma Cells <i>in Vitro</i> and <i>in Vivo</i>

Obtainment, quantification and use of lactulose as a functional food – a review

Desenvolvimento e validação de método para extração e quantificação através de HPLC com índice de refração para lactose em leite pasteurizado

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Isomerization of lactose and lactulose production: review

Cited by 145 publications

References 40 publications

Apoptotic Effects of Diosgeninlactoside on Oral Squamous Carcinoma Cells <i>in Vitro</i> and <i>in Vivo</i>

Apoptotic Effects of Diosgeninlactoside on Oral Squamous Carcinoma Cells <i>in Vitro</i> and <i>in Vivo</i>

Obtainment, quantification and use of lactulose as a functional food – a review

Desenvolvimento e validação de método para extração e ­quantificação através de HPLC com índice de refração para ­lactose em leite pasteurizado

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Desenvolvimento e validação de método para extração e quantificação através de HPLC com índice de refração para lactose em leite pasteurizado