Isolation, Quantification, and Identification of Rosmarinic Acid, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Essential Oil, Cytotoxic Effect, and Antimicrobial Investigation of Rosmarinus Officinalis Leaves.

Abstract

Objective: Rosmarinus officinalis L. is an aromatic perennial herb with fragrant evergreen needle-like leaves, and it is member species of Lamiaceae family raised from Mediterranean region. The aims of the study were isolation, quantification, and identification of rosmarinic acid of R. officinalis leaves and essential oil analysis using various chromatographic and spectroscopic methods, and also cytotoxic and antibacterial investigation against different species of bacteria. Methods:It was isolated by preparative HPLC and preparative TLC, and then it was determined by HPTLC. The identification and the structural elucidation of isolated rosmarinic acid were performed by H-nuclear magnetic resonance, electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (MS), infrared, and ultraviolet. Essential oil was analyzed by Gas Chromatography/Mass. Results:Results highlighted that rosmarinic acid content was 0.9% and the oil content was 1.8%, and R. officinalis chemotypes of Iraqi rosemary oil were camphor 23.04%, 1, 8-cineole 14.01%, and terpinen-4-ol 13.8%. The rosemary chemotype characterized as a high concentration of terpinen-4-ol and good inhibition effect of rosemary methanolic extract against different species bacteria: Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Proteus mirabilis. Conclusions:The plant has a good content of rosemary phytochemicals and antibacterial effect, so the plantation of rosemary in Iraq has been successes. These isolated compounds are a suitable candidate for further clinical and pharmacological study.

Chemical Composition of Essential Oils From Vitex Agnus-Castus L. Growing in Morocco and Its in Vitro Antibacterial Activity Against Clinical Bacteria Responsible for Nosocomial Infections

“…This is the reason why new natural alternatives were established to overcome the incidence of nosocomial infections. Several reports have indicated a potent antimicrobial activity of essential oils against various microorganisms [3,4]. The antimicrobial potential of these oils has been attributed to the secondary metabolites [5,6].…”

Partial Characterization and Antimicrobial Property of Small Peptides Isolated From the Flowers of Millingtonia Hortensis

“…The results showed that ethanolic extract of the flower of M. hortensis has maximum effect against Streptococcus, Shigella, and E. coli than other strains. This observation provides strong circumstantial evidence that small peptides play an important role in plants antimicrobial defense system [17].…”

“…The purified compounds from these flowers were also studied by FT-IR spectrophotometer spectrophotometry. The sharp peaks at 1758.96 cm −1 and 1662.52 cm −1 indicate the presence of C = O and N -H groups, respectively, in the compound [16,17] (Fig. 2).…”

Determination of Vindoline and Rutin Content in Five Different Morphotypes of Catharanthus Roseus Leaves Using HPLC

“…Plants, since time perpetual, have been exploited for their therapeutic potential and play a critical job in the prosperity of man. Researchers are showing incredible interest in plant-derived substances because of their versatile applications [1]. Plants are one of the richest bio-resources of current medicines, nutraceutical, food supplements, folk medicines, pharmaceutical intermediates and chemical entities for synthetic drugs [2].…”