Isolation of phylogenetically diverse nonylphenol ethoxylate-degrading bacteria and characterization of their corresponding biotransformation pathways

Degradation pathways of low-ethoxylated nonylphenols by isolated bacteria using an improved method

“…3c. In our previous study, an isolated strain with the same morphological traits and 16S rRNA gene sequence as NP42a degraded NP av9 EO with NP1EO as the major product (Gu et al 2010). It should be noted, however, that slow mineralization of NP 1 EO might also be possible, which requires further study.…”

“…Recently, we found two novel high-ethoxylated NPEO (NP av9 EO) pathways based on phylogenetically diverse NP av9 EOs-degrading isolates acquired using gellan gum as the gelling reagent (Gu et al 2010). Therefore, it may be possible to acquire phylogenetically diverse low-ethoxylated NPEO-degrading isolates based on the same cultivation strategy.…”

Modeling bioaccumulation and biomagnification of nonylphenol and its ethoxylates in estuarine–marine food chains

“…administrated with NP and an elimination rate of 0.02 d À1 for secondary carnivores as calculated with OMEGA (Knaak et al, 1966). For NPEOs, only biotransformation data for bacteria were available (Kvestak and Ahel, 1995;Gu et al, 2010). Therefore, we used the biotransformation rate constants for NP also for NPEOs, assuming that the biotransformation rates for NPEOs were similar to those for NP.…”

Removal of nonylphenol by earthworms and bacterial community change

“…At the genus level, 23 and 32 bacterial genera were positively and negatively correlated, respectively, with NP remaining percentage (Table 3). Six of the 23 positively correlated bacterial genera Clostridium, Hyphomicrobium, Ochrobactrum, Propionibacterium, Rhizobium and Staphylococcus were isolated from sediment (Chang et al, 2009;De Weert et al, 2011), soil (Chang et al, 2007), crude oil (Van Hamme et al, 2000) and activated sludge (Chang et al, 2005;Di Gioia et al, 2008;Gu et al, 2010;Zemb et al, 2012;Villemur et al, 2013) used for NP degradation. Moreover, short ethoxy chain NP found be dehydrogenated by a flavoprotein alcohol dehydrogenase isolated from Ensifer sp.…”