Isolation, Identification, and Quantitative Determination of Saponin in Apostichopus japonicus by HPLC-DAD

Chemical substances and their activities in sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus: A review

“…[103,104] Twenty-seven triterpene glycosides have been found oxo-holotoxin A1. [105][106][107][108][109][110][111][112][113] Echinoside A was identified for the first time by HPLC, MS, and other technologies. [106] Three novel saponins japonicus: extraction time of 10 min, temperature of 45°C, and 25 mL of 70% ethanol as a solvent under 400 W. [108] The structures of saponins in A. japonicus are shown in Figures 1a and 1b.…”

“…[105] The contents of Cladoloside A in different sites were also detected using HPLC-diode-array detection, and the results showed that the content of parapodium was up to 270 μg/g. [108] A method was established to use D-quinovose as the standard to compare the contents of triterpene glycosides extracted from dried A. japonicus, 60% ethanol pretreated samples, and 60% ethanol pretreated samples with n-butanol as 0.107 ± 0.0018%, 0.0947 ± 0.0022%, and 0.099 ± 0.0068%, respectively. The results showed that appropriate pretreatment had little effect on the content and could also reduce the column efficiency caused by other complex components in the sample, and triterpene glycosides could be enriched by n-butanol extraction after pretreatment, and it was concluded that this is an effective method to enrich and promote triterpene glycoside isolation.…”

“…[ 103,104 ] Twenty‐seven triterpene glycosides have been found in A. japonicus , namely, Holotoxin A, Holotoxin A1, Echinoside A, Holotoxin B, Holotoxin B1, Holotoxin D, Holotoxin D1, Holotoxin E, Holotoxin E1, Holotoxin E2, Holotoxin F, Holotoxin G, Holotoxin S 1 –S 4 , Cladoloside A, Cladoloside B, Apostichoposide A, Apostichoposide A1, Apostichoposide B, Apostichoposide B1, Apostichoposide C, Stichloroside C1, Bivittoside D, 25,26‐dihydroxy‐holotoxin A1, and 26‐Nor‐25‐oxo‐holotoxin A1. [ 105–113 ] Echinoside A was identified for the first time by HPLC, MS, and other technologies. [ 106 ] Three novel saponins Apostichoposide A–C from viscera were characterized by HPLC‐quadrupole‐time‐of‐flight‐MS based on their unique fragmentation patterns in the negative ion mode tandem MS spectra.…”

“…It is often accompanied by the use of ultrasound, microwave‐assisted extraction, and so forth. The following are the optimal conditions for microwave‐assisted extraction of Cladoloside A in A. japonicus : extraction time of 10 min, temperature of 45°C, and 25 mL of 70% ethanol as a solvent under 400 W. [ 108 ]…”

“…[ 105 ] The contents of Cladoloside A in different sites were also detected using HPLC‐diode‐array detection, and the results showed that the content of parapodium was up to 270 μg/g. [ 108 ]…”