Isolation and Identification of a Natural Reassortant Mammalian Orthoreovirus from Least Horseshoe Bat in China

Wang, Lin‐Fa; Fu, Shihong; Cao, Lei; Lei, Wenwen; Cao, Yanghui; Song, Jingdong; Tang, Qing; Zhang, Hailin; Feng, Yue; Yang, Wei; Liang, Guodong

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0118598

Cited by 34 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 29 publications

(34 reference statements)

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“…Wang et al [10] previously identified a reassortant serotype 2 MRV in the lesser horseshoe bat, R. pusillu , in China. Yang et al [19] described three bat MRV serotype 2 isolates WIV-3, WIV-4 and WIV-5 in Hipposideros sp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of novel reassortant mammalian orthoreoviruses from bats in Slovenia

et al. 2018

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BackgroundRecently, mammalian orthoreoviruses (MRVs) were detected for the first time in European bats, and the closely related strain SI-MRV01 was isolated from a child with severe diarrhoea in Slovenia. Genetically similar strains have also been reported from other mammals, which reveals their wide host distribution. The aim of this study was to retrospectively investigate the occurrence and genetic diversity of MRVs in bats in Slovenia, from samples obtained throughout the country in 2008 to 2010, and in 2012 and to investigate the occurrence of the novel SI-MRV01 MRV variant in Slovenian bats.ResultsThe detection of MRVs in bat guano was based on broad-range RT-PCR and specific bat MRV real-time RT-PCR. Subsequently, MRV isolates were obtained from cell culture propagation, with detailed molecular characterisation through whole-genome sequencing.Overall, bat MRVs were detected in 1.9% to 3.8% of bats in 2008, 2009 and 2012. However, in 2010 the prevalence was 33.0%, which defined an outbreak of the single SI-MRV01 strain. Here, we report on the identification of five MRV isolates of different serotypes that are designated as SI-MRV02, SI-MRV03, SI-MRV04, SI-MRV05 and SI-MRV06. There is high genetic variability between these characterised isolates, with evident genome reassortment seen across their genome segments.ConclusionsIn conclusion, we have confirmed the presence of the SI-MRV01 strain in a Slovenian bat population. Moreover, according to genetic characterisation of S1 genome segment, all three MRV serotypes were present in the bat population. In this study, five independent MRV isolates were obtained and detailed whole genome analysis revealed high diversity between them. This study generates new information about the epidemiology and molecular characteristics of emerging bat MRV variants, and provides important molecular data for further studies of their pathogenesis and evolution.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12917-018-1585-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of novel reassortant mammalian orthoreoviruses from bats in Slovenia

et al. 2018

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“…We speculate that bats are the primary hosts for genetic exchange among different MRV strains under natural conditions, as they possess certain ideal characteristics such as long life span, diversity, wide distribution, and they carry a number of zoonotic viruses from many different virus families (Smith and Wang, 2013). The last decade has experienced a surge in reports of MRVs of bat origin that have a significant impact on human and animal health (Hu et al, 2014;Kohl et al, 2012;Steyer et al, 2013b;Wang et al, 2015a). Moreover, the genome of MRV-ZJ2013 shows reassortment among different bat MRV serotypes: M1 and S3 seem to originate from serotype 1 bat MRV; M3 and S2 seem to come from serotype 2 bat MRV; and L2 and S4 come from serotype 3 bat MRV.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, in the last decade, increasing numbers of studies in humans and other mammals have shown that they can cause severe illness in humans and other mammals, including upper respiratory tract infections, encephalitis, and diarrhea (Chua et al, 2008;Ouattara et al, 2011a;Steyer et al, 2013a). MRVs have been isolated from a broad range of mammalian species, including bats (Hu et al, 2014;Kohl et al, 2012;Lelli et al, 2013;Lorusso et al, 2014;Thalmann et al, 2010;Wang et al, 2015a;Yang et al, 2015), civet cats , cows (Anbalagan et al, 2014), mink (Lian et al, 2013), pigs (Dai et al, 2012b;Kwon et al, 2012b;Thimmasandra Narayanappa et al, 2015;Zhang et al, 2011a), dogs (Decaro et al, 2005) and humans (Chua et al, 2008;Ouattara et al, 2011b). However, porcine MRV failed to arouse the concern of researchers until 2007, when it was first reported as the cause of diarrhea in newborn piglets in China (Zhang et al, 2011a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Type 2 MRVs (MRV2) have recently been isolated, possibly originating from reassortment between bat, pig, and/or human MRV strains which have been associated with diarrhea, acute gastroenteritis and necrotizing encephalopathy (Wang et al, 2015a). Six bat MRV strains have been isolated which share high S1 segment sequence similarity with MRVs recovered from diseased mink, piglets, or humans.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genetic and pathogenic characterization of a novel reassortant mammalian orthoreovirus 3 (MRV3) from a diarrheic piglet and seroepidemiological survey of MRV3 in diarrheic pigs from east China

Qin

Wang

et al. 2017

Veterinary Microbiology

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Mammalian orthoreoviruses (MRVs), which cause gastrointestinal and respiratory illness, have been isolated from a wide variety of mammalian species including bats, minks, pigs and humans. Here we report the isolation and genetic and pathogenic characterization of a novel MRV type 3 (MRV3), named MRV-ZJ2013, from the diarrheic feces of piglets in Zhejiang province, China. Genomic and phylogenetic analysis shows that MRV-ZJ2013 may have originated from reassortments among mink, bat, and pig MRVs, suggesting the hypothesis that interspecies transmission has occurred in pig herds. Neonatal piglets infected with MRV-ZJ2013 displayed mild clinical signs such as poor appetite and soft feces, but vomiting and diarrhea were not observed. Fecal virus shedding was detected only in three out of six piglets, each for one- or two-day post-infection. In contrast, piglets inoculated with a virulent porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) strain as the control group had severe signs characterized by acute vomiting and watery diarrhea. These findings suggest that the virulence of MRV-ZJ2013, if any, was likely not significant compared to that of PEDV. A seroepidemiological survey of MRV by means of an indirect enzyme-linked immune-sorbent assay (ELISA) based on a recombinant MRV3 capsid protein sigma1 as antigen revealed a high seroprevalence (77%) in 1037 samples from diarrheic pigs of different ages from 24 herds in seven provinces of east China between 2015 and 2016, indicating that MRV3 is endemic in pig herds in China, and may contribute collectively to enteric disease along with other porcine pathogens.

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“…Since then, bat-borne orthoreoviruses have received much attention. Additional orthoreoviruses (MelV, KamV, Xi-River, Broome viruses, Kampar, Sikamat, HK23629/07, RpMRV-YN2012, Cangyuan virus) have been isolated from or detected in bats and in humans who were likely in contact with bats (Chua et al, 2007;Chua et al, 2008;Du et al, 2010;Thalmann et al, 2010;Cheng et al, 2009;Chua et al, 2011;Wang et al, 2015;Hu et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization and pathogenicity of a novel mammalian orthoreovirus from wild short-nosed fruit bats

Liu

Ran

et al. 2016

Infection, Genetics and Evolution

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Mammalian orthoreoviruses (MRVs) have a wide range of geographic distribution and have been isolated from humans and various animals. This study describes the isolation, molecular characterization and analysis of pathogenicity of MRV variant B/03 from wild short-nosed fruit bats. Negative stain electron microscopy illustrated that the B/03 strain is a non-enveloped icosahedral virus with a diameter of 70nm. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) migration patterns showed that the B/03 viral genome contains 10 segments in a 3:3:4 arrangement. The isolate belongs to MRV serotype 1 based on S1 gene nucleotide sequence data. BALB/c mice experimentally infected with B/03 virus by intranasal inoculation developed severe respiratory distress with tissue damage and inflammation. Lastly, B/03 virus has an increased transmission risk between bats and humans or animals.

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Isolation and Identification of a Natural Reassortant Mammalian Orthoreovirus from Least Horseshoe Bat in China

Cited by 34 publications

References 29 publications

Identification of novel reassortant mammalian orthoreoviruses from bats in Slovenia

Identification of novel reassortant mammalian orthoreoviruses from bats in Slovenia

Genetic and pathogenic characterization of a novel reassortant mammalian orthoreovirus 3 (MRV3) from a diarrheic piglet and seroepidemiological survey of MRV3 in diarrheic pigs from east China

Characterization and pathogenicity of a novel mammalian orthoreovirus from wild short-nosed fruit bats

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