Is Politics Behind Trade? The Impact of International Trends and Diplomatic Action on Brazil's Exports during Globalisation

Abstract

Although it is well known that domestic and international factors converge to affect a nation's foreign policy orientation and trade, their actual weights vary. Brazil's situation during globalisation sheds light on this issue. Through statistical and qualitative analysis, this article shows how structural factors, rather than diplomatic action, influenced the direction of Brazil's exports as the country became more integrated into the world economy. It was only under Cardoso's presidency that trade had an impact on bilateral diplomacy. The findings contradict conventional wisdom, which emphasises the state's role in driving Brazilian integration into the global economy.

Do state visits affect research and development after crisis in selected countries?

“…Using a linear regression model Ekmekci and Yildirim had investigated the political vector of Turkish foreign relations within an analysis of Turkish Prime Minister's official visits abroad [7]. Yeo and Lee (2009) conducted a single-country research on the relationship between state visits and exports [8]. They had investigated the annual trade flows of 54 countries and South Korean presidential visits during the 27-year period.…”