Irrigation and organic and mineral fertilization in sunflower crop

Abstract

The amount of available water to certain crops can play a direct influence on the expected effect of the application of fertilizers, whether mineral or organic origin. Thus, this work was performed in order to evaluate the effects of the application of different irrigation depths and organic and mineral fertilizers in the development and production of sunflower plants in Ceará state, Brazil. The experiment was carried out in full sun in pots containing Alfisol, in a completely randomized experimental design with a 5 x 3 factorial, five irrigation depths (L1 = 50%, L2 = 75%, L3 = 100%, L4 and L5 = 125% = 150% of the Class-A Tank evaporation ECA) and three fertilizations (F1 = organic, using aerobic fermentation of Bovine biofertilizer, F2 = mineral fertilizers, NPK-based and F3 = control without an addition of fertilizers with five replications. At 65 days after sowing (DAS), the following characteristics were analyzed: number of leaves, stem diameter, and plant height. In the maximum development of achenes (about 90 DAS), the plants were harvested to determine the head diameter, dry mass of 1000 seeds, dry mass of sunflower head, seed dry mass and crop yield. The different depths applied causing a significant effect in all the sunflower crop yield parameters being as low as the effect of the applied lower depth. The application of biofertilizers in plants provided increments similar to those provided by the application of mineral fertilizers in stem diameter, dry mass of the sunflower head, the head diameter and seed dry mass under different irrigation depths. Since most applied irrigation depth (150% of the ECA), combined with the mineral fertilizer and bovine biofertilizer provided higher results in sunflower production.

Organic Fertilization and Hydric Reposition in the Initial Production of Passiflora edullis. f. flavicarca Deg.

“…The increase of biofertilizer provided an increase of salts in the soil with and without hydric stress, raising the electrical conductivity of the soil saturation extract (ECSE) of quadratic form in both the treatments with the organic substrate, but in the treatments with 70% of substrate with bovine manure, values were expressively higher ( Fig. 7B), which may be related to the organic matter efficiency in the water retention, which after the mineralization [48] increases the availability of essential nutrients to the plants, but which in this experiment also retained the biofertilizer, which provided the superiority of the values, presented in the treatments with the applied dosages, in response at the increase of salts by the respective input that presented sodium content with 5.59 mg kg -1 before of experiment application (Table 2), which implies to report that the biofertilizer limited the vegetative development with a maximum value of the ECS in still 3.36 ds m -1 (Fig. 7A).…”

Productive characteristics of sunflower genotypes irrigated with different levels of saline water

“…The suitability of sunflowers for small properties is due to their various uses, such as the production of grains and oil, in floriculture, and as an important forage species for honey-producing bees. This crop is also an economical alternative in crop rotation systems in grain-producing regions (Glovatski and Raiher 2013;Bezerra et al 2014;Gomes et al 2017;Castro and Leite 2018;Barros et al 2019).…”

“…The optimum temperature for its development is between 27ºC to 28ºC. The good tolerance of this plant to drought makes it a good alternative for farmers in semiarid regions (Glovatski and Raiher 2013;Bezerra et al 2014;Gomes et al 2017;Castro and Leite 2018).…”

Desarrollo del girasol (Helianthus annuus L.) con aplicación de codornaza bajo distintas láminas de riego

“…Existen dos principales razones para su amplio uso, la primera es su alto contenido de ácidos grasos insaturados (Abumere et al, 2019), el girasol puede contener hasta 5% de aceite y un 32% de proteínas en las semillas (Nascimento et al, 2013;Tariq et al, 2018;Ullah & Akmal, 2018); la segunda razón es su amplio espectro de usos: la planta se utiliza para extraer aceite de consumo humano, como planta forrajera para alimentación animal, como planta ornamental y para la producción de biodiesel (Filho et al, 2013;Gomes et al, 2017;Nascimento et al, 2013).…”

“…En un intento por reducir los costos que conllevan los fertilizantes minerales, muchos agricultores han buscado fuentes alternativas de nutrientes para la fertilización de las plantas (Gomes et al, 2017). El estiércol de aves tiene un alto contenido de nitrógeno, fosforo, potasio y calcio (Do Carmo et al, 2016), a su vez, aumenta la capacidad de intercambio catiónico (Nguyen et al, 2015).…”