Irrigação e certificação da cafeicultura na Região Centro-Oeste de São Paulo

Abstract

ResumoRentabilidade insatisfatória tem provocado diminuição paulatina do parque cafeeiro no Estado de São Paulo. Entre as alternativas para a solução deste problema, duas se destacam: a irrigação das lavouras e a certificação das propriedades. Mesmo em regiões consideradas aptas à cultura do café arábica (Coffea arabica L.), o uso da irrigação pode promover, na média dos anos, aumento de produtividade de grãos. Além disso, a certificação do produto favorece sua diferenciação no mercado e pode melhorar os resultados econômicos da atividade. Este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar o desenvolvimento e a produtividade de cafeeiros submetidos a sistemas irrigados ou não, comparando os dados econômicos na comercialização do café certificado ou não, nas condições da Região Centro-Oeste do Estado de São Paulo. O delineamento utilizado no campo foi o de blocos ao acaso, com dois tratamentos (com e sem irrigação por gotejamento) e dez repetições. Foram calculados os custos de produção, bem como a lucratividade com a venda do produto final. A irrigação aumentou o desenvolvimento e a produtividade dos cafeeiros. Houve o retorno do investimento a partir da terceira safra. A venda de café certificado possibilitou resultados econômicos em média de 224,5% superiores ao não certificado. A irrigação aliada à venda de café certificado proporcionou saldo financeiro 1.192% superior ao café não irrigado e não certificado.Palavras-chave: Coffea arabica L., deficiência hídrica, gotejo, Fair trade, lucratividade. Irrigation and certification on coffee crop in mid-west of São Paulo State, Brazil AbstractAn unsatisfactory profitability has led to the gradual decline of the coffee plantations in São Paulo. Among the alternatives that arise for solving this problem, two stand out: the irrigation of crops and certification of properties. Even in areas considered suitable for cultivation of arabica coffee (Coffea arabica L.), the use of irrigation can promote an increase in grain yield. In addition, the product certification promotes their differentiation in the market and can improve the economic results of the activity. This study aimed to evaluate the development and productivity of coffee crops subjected to irrigation or not, comparing economic data in the marketing of coffee certified or not, under the conditions of the mid-west region of São Paulo state. The field experimental design was in randomized blocks with two treatments (with and without drip irrigation) and ten repetitions. The costs of production and profitability by selling the final product were calculated. The irrigation increased the development and productivity of coffee. The return on investment took place after the third harvest. Irrigation combined with the sale of certified coffee provided financial balance 1,192% higher than the coffee is not irrigated and non-certified.

The dynamics of coffee production in Brazil

“…In addition, coffee producers began to produce in regions that were climatically more favorable to cultivation [7]. Furthermore, producers sought to insert themselves into specific consumer markets and to increase the value-added of their product by producing specialty coffees with seals of quality and geographical certifications [8].…”

Organic matter fractions in soil under coffee with split applications of phosphorus and water regimes

“…The levels of labile and humified organic matter were highest in the irrigated system in both soil layers (Table 2). Coffee biomass increased by irrigation (Perdoná et al, 2012;Evangelista et al, 2013), with a consequent increase in SOM, leading to the accumulation in its different fractions (Loss et al, 2013).…”

Technological Inclusion in Small Coffee Plantations in the South of the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil

“…Owing to the marketś technological evolution, small producers must be in constant evolution to follow state-of-the-art technology. Technological investment has been underscored as the great strengthener in the fastness of the production process and of increase in profits, mainly with regard to decrease in production costs (Amarasinghe et al, 2015;De Assis Silva;Lima et al, 2016;Perdoná et al, 2012;Ramalho et al, 2016;Rosa et al, 2010;Santinato et al, 2016;Xia et al, 2015). Further, the monitoring of pests which are abundant in the countryś coffee plantations also make possible fast control action in the culture (Alves et al, 2011;Lopes et al, 2012).…”