Iraqi, Syrian, and Palestinian Refugee Adolescents' Beliefs About Parental Authority Legitimacy and Its Correlates

Abstract

This study examined intra- and interindividual variations in parental legitimacy beliefs in a sample of 883 Arab refugee adolescents (M(age) = 15.01 years, SD = 1.60), 277 Iraqis, 275 Syrians, and 331 Palestinians in Amman, Jordan. Confirmatory factor analyses showed distinct latent factors for moral-conventional, prudential, and personal legitimacy items. Older adolescents rated legitimacy lower for personal issues, but higher for prudential issues. Beliefs were associated with socioeconomic status (fathers' education, family size), particularly for personal issues, but were more pervasively associated with displacement-related experiences. Greater war trauma was associated with less prudential legitimacy for all youth and more authority legitimacy over moral-conventional issues for Syrian youth. Greater hopefulness was associated with more authority legitimacy over all but personal issues.

Heterogeneity in Perceptions of Parenting Among Arab Refugee Adolescents in Jordan

“…The majority of Syrian and Palestinian adolescents had fathers who had completed only a high school education (50% and 63%, respectively), whereas 57% of fathers of Iraqis (compared to only 30% of Syrians and 27% of Palestinians) had attended or graduated from college. Mothers of youth in our study followed a similar pattern (see Smetana et al., for more detail).…”

“…However, in their sample of Palestinian early adolescents living in Gaza, Punam€ aki et al (1997) found that authoritarian parenting, assessed by a latent variable consisting of high levels of punishment/rejection and strictness/control and low levels of love/intimacy, was associated with poorer adjustment (more neuroticism and lower self-esteem). Moreover, like youth in other regions of the world, Arab refugee youth believe they should have decision-making authority over personal issues (Smetana, Ahmad, & Wray-Lake, 2015).…”

Concepções educativas morais de crianças e adolescentes: diálogo entre teoria do juízo moral de Piaget e teoria do domínio social de Turiel

“…More recent studies indicate that other variables may influence this relationship, for example, young people of higher socioeconomic levels legitimize less the parental authority on issues considered a personal domain issue (NUCCI; CAMINO; SAPIRO, 1996). The parents' level of education (SMETANA; AHMAD; WRAY-LAKE, 2015) and different sociocultural contexts are other variables that can produce changes in the legitimation of parental authority (SMETANA; CREAN; CAMPIONE-BARR, 2005;ZHANG;FULIGNI, 2006;AHMAD;WRAY-LAKE, 2015), but the different domains are always identified. That is, the change of context seems to generate changes in the scope of each domain and in the interpretations on parental practices, but the existence of the domains and their differentiation seem proven by a significant number of empirical studies (SMETANA; JANBOM; BALL, 2014; ROTE; SMETANA, 2016).…”

A família como contexto de desenvolvimento moral para crianças e adolescentes com Transtorno do Déficit de Atenção e Hiperatividade

“…Pesquisas realizadas em outros países e culturas apontam resultados muito parecidos (Assadi, Smetana, Shahmansouri & Mohamamadi, 2011;Smetana, 2011; Smetana, Ahmad e Wray-Lake, 2015). Smetana et al (2015) examinaram as crenças sobre autoridade parental em três amostras de refugiados de guerra que vivem na Jordânia: iraquianos, sírios e palestinos.…”

“…Para Piaget (1932Piaget ( /1994 Os dados deste estudo também foram encontrados em outras culturas e países (Smetana, 1988;Smetana, 1994;Darling et al, 2005;Assadi et al, 2011;Smetana, 2011;Smetana et al, 2015): as regras dos domínios moral e convencional são as mais legitimadas pelas mães, seguidas pelas regras prudenciais e multifacetadas, e por último, como menos legitimadas, estão as regras do domínio pessoal. com TDAH e seus irmãos são frequentemente relatados.…”