Ion transport through nanoslits dominated by the effective surface charge

Schoch, Reto B.; Renaud, Philippe

doi:10.1063/1.1954899

Cited by 236 publications

(303 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The lowest concentration point is furthest off this curve, but it is also the one most prone to error. Previous models assuming constant surface charge give the plateau but no valley [19,24,28,45], while relaxing this assumption taking surface chemical reactions into account leads to a monotonically decreasing conductance [61]. Notably, the experimental data of previous studies listed in Table I, have shown the same conductance behavior as our model and data, supporting our claim that the inclusion of hydronium ions in our model is consistent with a broad range of experimental results.…”

Section: B Measured Nanochannel Conductancesupporting

confidence: 81%

“…Furthermore, the modeled conductance reaches a plateau in the infinite-dilution limit, similar to that found by Refs. [19,24,28,45]. However, as indicated in the log-log plot of Fig.…”

Section: B Prediction Of the Conductance Minimummentioning

confidence: 97%

“…This results in a monotonic decreasing nanochannel conductance as a function of decreasing salt concentration that levels off at a plateau in the dilute limit, as shown in Refs. [19,24,28,45,46] of Table I as well as in Refs. [8,11,27] and summarized by Fig.…”

Section: Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For oxide walls, most prominently silica, numerous studies have shown how hydronium affects the electrical properties of the wall-electrolyte interface and leads to a wall surface charge that depends on salt concentration [33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44] including our own recent study [26]. Finally, at sufficiently low salt concentration, this surface charge is found to dominate the conductance of electrolyte-filled nanochannels [8,11,19,24,27,28,32,45]. Given these facts, it is remarkable that the role of hydronium ions is largely unexplored in the literature on nanochannel conductance at low salt concentrations in unbuffered solutions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hydronium-dominated ion transport in carbon-dioxide-saturated electrolytes at low salt concentrations in nanochannels

et al. 2011

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Section: B Measured Nanochannel Conductancesupporting

confidence: 81%

“…Furthermore, the modeled conductance reaches a plateau in the infinite-dilution limit, similar to that found by Refs. [19,24,28,45]. However, as indicated in the log-log plot of Fig.…”

Section: B Prediction Of the Conductance Minimummentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hydronium-dominated ion transport in carbon-dioxide-saturated electrolytes at low salt concentrations in nanochannels

et al. 2011

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“…where σ is the surface conductance on the pore wall (8)(9)(10). This fact can be exploited for biosensing applications within nanopores by manipulating the pore wall chemistry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Characterization of Regularly-Aligned Nanopore Array Membranes Filled with Electrolyte Solutions and Their Use for Detection of Nucleic Acid Hybridization

et al. 2011

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We report on the electrochemical characterization of regularlyaligned cylindrical nanopore arrays supported in silicon nitride membranes and preliminary results for the detection of nucleic acid hybridization on the nanopore walls. A range of nanopore arrays with diameters between 40 and 150 nm were examined. We tested the effect of pore diameter, number of pores, electrolyte concentration and surface chemistry on the conductance of the nanopore membranes. The pores were functionalized with singlestranded DNA and conductance measurements were performed before and after hybridization. In many cases, changes in current rectification were observed following hybridization, which is discussed as a strategy for nucleic acid hybridization and interactions. IntroductionNanopore electrochemistry has received significant attention in recent years as a technique for the detection of biochemical interactions (1). Measurements of biochemical events in nano-scale confinement offer a number of advantages over conventional bulk techniques. These include i) faster response times and shorter diffusion lengths due to the increased surface-to-volume ratios, ii) improved control of molecular transport through manipulation of the electrical double layer, iii) a move towards single-molecule biosensing, and iv) the ability to probe interactions on biologically relevant length scales. Additionally, recent advances in micro-and nano-fabrication techniques have improved the reproducibility of making such nano-scale detection systems.Electrochemical measurements are performed within nano-scale channels, typically supported within thin membranes. These can include single channels or arrays of channels. In the typical setup, the channel is filled with an electrolyte solution and a potential is applied across the membrane. Geometric and surface properties of the channels can be determined from conductance measurements, and a variety of techniques can be used to detect biochemical interactions within the pores.To explore the use of arrayed nanopore membranes in biosensing, we present preliminary results for i) the characterization of nanopore array membranes using conductance measurements, and ii) electrochemical detection of nucleic acid hybridization at functionalized pore walls. Conductance measurements were performed on nanopore membranes in potassium chloride electrolyte over a broad range of ionic strengths. A variety of pore diameters, array sizes and surface treatments are tested, including biochemical functionalization with single-stranded DNA (ssDNA). Then, the effects of solution-based nucleic acids on the conductance of the nanopore membranes were measured for both untreated and nucleic acid-functionalized nanopores. In certain cases, current rectification behavior was observed, which is characterized by nonlinearity of the current-potential curve. Rectification has been attributed to asymmetric geometry and charge distributions on the device surface (2,3), and has been proposed as a method to detect biochemical interactions on the...

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