Investigations on potential dietetic effects of lactulose in pigs

Kamphues, Josef; Tabeling, R.; Stuke, Oliver; Bollmann, Sylvia; Amtsberg, G

doi:10.1016/j.livsci.2007.01.089

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…As a prebiotic, lactulose is not broken down by mammalian intestine enzymes, but can be metabolized by gut microbiota to SCFAs. A previous study in pigs revealed that the inclusion of lactulose in the diet increased the SCFAs concentration in the large intestine [ 39 ]. Increased SCFAs concentrations were also observed in broiler chickens provided with lactulose supplementation [ 40 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intestinal Microbiota Ecological Response to Oral Administrations of Hydrogen-Rich Water and Lactulose in Female Piglets Fed a Fusarium Toxin-Contaminated Diet

Zheng

Zhang

et al. 2018

Toxins

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The objective of the current experiment was to explore the intestinal microbiota ecological response to oral administrations of hydrogen-rich water (HRW) and lactulose (LAC) in female piglets fed a Fusarium mycotoxin-contaminated diet. A total of 24 individually-housed female piglets (Landrace × large × white; initial average body weight, 7.25 ± 1.02 kg) were randomly assigned to receive four treatments (six pigs/treatment): uncontaminated basal diet (negative control, NC), mycotoxin-contaminated diet (MC), MC diet + HRW (MC + HRW), and MC diet + LAC (MC + LAC) for 25 days. Hydrogen levels in the mucosa of different intestine segments were measured at the end of the experiment. Fecal scoring and diarrhea rate were recorded every day during the whole period of the experiment. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) profiles in the digesta of the foregut and hindgut samples were assayed. The populations of selected bacteria and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) profiles of total bacteria and methanogenic Archaea were also evaluated. Results showed that Fusarium mycotoxins not only reduced the hydrogen levels in the caecum but also shifted the SCFAs production, and populations and communities of microbiota. HRW treatment increased the hydrogen levels of the stomach and duodenum. HRW and LAC groups also had higher colon and caecum hydrogen levels than the MC group. Both HRW and LAC protected against the mycotoxin-contaminated diet-induced higher diarrhea rate and lower SCFA production in the digesta of the colon and caecum. In addition, the DGGE profile results indicated that HRW and LAC might shift the pathways of hydrogen-utilization bacteria, and change the diversity of intestine microbiota. Moreover, HRW and LAC administrations reversed the mycotoxin-contaminated diet-induced changing of the populations of Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Bifidobacterium in ileum digesta and hydrogen-utilizing bacteria in colon digesta.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intestinal Microbiota Ecological Response to Oral Administrations of Hydrogen-Rich Water and Lactulose in Female Piglets Fed a Fusarium Toxin-Contaminated Diet

Zheng

Zhang

et al. 2018

Toxins

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“…In that work, the authors also reported a high prececal digestion of lactulose that could be related to the fact that they were working with growing pigs. In this regard, Kamphues et al (13), comparing the effects of including lactulose in piglet, growing pig (between 2.7 and 2.9%), or sow (between 5.5 and 14%) diets, demonstrated prebiotic effects in piglets only. Regarding these results, prebiotic effects of lactulose could be restricted to the younger animal, in which intestinal digestive activity is not fully developed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In pigs, this prebiotic had been usually incorporated into feed at levels between 10 and 30 g/kg of feed (6,13,16). Regarding its possible combination with Lactobacillus plantarum, as a potential synbiotic, we demonstrated that it could improve significantly the performance and colonic microbial activity of weanling piglets (17).…”

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confidence: 94%

“…Lactulose, a synthetic disaccharide (galactofructose), has been proposed recently as a potential prebiotic for pigs (13), especially because when administered at low doses, it increases the numbers of bifidobacteria and lactobacilli while reducing the numbers of Clostridium spp., Salmonella spp., or E. coli in the gastrointestinal tract (14,15). In pigs, this prebiotic had been usually incorporated into feed at levels between 10 and 30 g/kg of feed (6,13,16).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Lactulose and Lactobacillus plantarum, a Potential Complementary Synbiotic To Control Postweaning Colibacillosis in Piglets

Guerra-Ordaz

González-Ortiz

Ragione

et al. 2014

Appl Environ Microbiol

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eThe potential of a prebiotic oligosaccharide lactulose, a probiotic strain of Lactobacillus plantarum, or their synbiotic combination to control postweaning colibacillosis in pigs was evaluated using an enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) K88 oral challenge. Seventy-two weanlings were fed four diets: a control diet (CTR), that diet supplemented with L. plantarum (2 ؋ 10 10 CFU · day ؊1 ) (LPN), that diet supplemented with 10 g · kg ؊1 lactulose (LAC), or a combination of the two treatments (SYN). After 7 days, the pigs were orally challenged. Six pigs per treatment were euthanized on days 6 and 10 postchallenge (PC). Inclusion of lactulose improved the average daily gain (ADG) (P < 0.05) and increased lactobacilli (P < 0.05) and the percentage of butyric acid (P < 0.02) in the colon. An increase in the ileum villous height (P < 0.05) and a reduction of the pig major acute-phase protein (Pig-MAP) in serum (P < 0.01) were observed also. The inclusion of the probiotic increased numbers of L. plantarum bacteria in the ileum and colon (P < 0.05) and in the total lactobacilli in the colon and showed a trend to reduce diarrhea (P ‫؍‬ 0.09). The concentrations of ammonia in ileal and colonic digesta were decreased (P < 0.05), and the villous height (P < 0.01) and number of ileal goblet cells (P < 0.05) increased, at day 10 PC. A decrease in plasmatic tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-␣) (P < 0.01) was also seen. The positive effects of the two additives were combined in the SYN treatment, resulting in a complementary synbiotic with potential to be used to control postweaning colibacillosis.

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“…For example, the inclusion of lactulose in an in vitro model of the pig intestinal tract has been shown to reduce the proliferation of Salmonella (Martı´n-Pela´ez et al 2008), whereas no influence of lactulose on Salmonella counts was determined in experimentally challenged pigs (Kamphues et al 2007;Martı´n-Pela´ez et al 2010). For example, the inclusion of lactulose in an in vitro model of the pig intestinal tract has been shown to reduce the proliferation of Salmonella (Martı´n-Pela´ez et al 2008), whereas no influence of lactulose on Salmonella counts was determined in experimentally challenged pigs (Kamphues et al 2007;Martı´n-Pela´ez et al 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of different carbohydrate composition in barley varieties onSalmonellaTyphimurium var. Copenhagen colonisation in a “Trojan” challenge model in pigs

Pieper

Bindelle

Malik

et al. 2012

Archives of Animal Nutrition

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Based on previously performed in vitro studies, which showed that hulless barley varieties could reduce large intestinal Salmonella Typhimurium var. Copenhagen proliferation in pigs, two in vivo experiments were conducted to prove these observations. In Experiment (Exp.) 1, 126 weaning piglets were randomly allocated into pens of seven animals each and fed one of six experimental diets. Three diets contained (75% as-fed) one of three hulless barley varieties with beta-glucan (BG) contents ranging from 5 to 11% and amylose from 5 to 40%, and two diets contained a low BG and amylose hulless barley supplemented with isolated barley BG or raw potato starch. A hulled barley diet served as a control. Two piglets per pen ("Trojan" pigs) were orally infected with Salmonella Typhimurium var. Copenhagen (ST). The remaining five pigs per pen were designated "Contact" pigs. The ST shedding was determined over one week after infection. On day 6, the two Trojans and two random Contacts from each pen were euthanised and intestinal contents and mesenteric lymph nodes cultured for ST. Intestinal volatile fatty acids and microbial composition were determined. In Exp. 2, 126 piglets were assigned to one of three diets based on hulled or hulless barleys. The timeline, infection, sampling and analyses were similar as in Exp. 1 except samples were taken from four Contact pigs. Hulless barley varieties with high BG and amylose tended to decrease ST persistence in Exp. 1. Clostridia from cluster I in the colon were reduced with high amylose hulless barley or diets supplemented with potato starch (p < 0.05), whereas other microbial groups were not. Propionate increased (p < 0.05) and acetate decreased (p < 0.05) with hulless barley inclusion. Exp. 2 revealed a reduced ST shedding and reduced number of clostridia for high BG hulless barley as compared to common hulled barley and a low BG variety (p < 0.05). In conclusion, high BG hulless barley do not prevent ST colonisation but might help to reduce transmission in pigs, likely by supporting an intestinal environment limiting growth of this zoopathogen.

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Investigations on potential dietetic effects of lactulose in pigs

Cited by 7 publications

References 2 publications

Intestinal Microbiota Ecological Response to Oral Administrations of Hydrogen-Rich Water and Lactulose in Female Piglets Fed a Fusarium Toxin-Contaminated Diet

Intestinal Microbiota Ecological Response to Oral Administrations of Hydrogen-Rich Water and Lactulose in Female Piglets Fed a Fusarium Toxin-Contaminated Diet

Lactulose and Lactobacillus plantarum, a Potential Complementary Synbiotic To Control Postweaning Colibacillosis in Piglets

Influence of different carbohydrate composition in barley varieties onSalmonellaTyphimurium var. Copenhagen colonisation in a “Trojan” challenge model in pigs

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