Lactulose and Lactobacillus plantarum, a Potential Complementary Synbiotic To Control Postweaning Colibacillosis in Piglets

Guerra-Ordaz, A. A.; González-Ortiz, Gemma; Ragione, Roberto M. La; Woodward, Martin J.; Collins, James W.; Pérez, J. F.; Martín‐Orúe, S. M.

doi:10.1128/aem.00770-14

Cited by 80 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Major microbiota communities, the dominant phyla, Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes, and two genera, Enterobacteriaceae and Lactobacillus , were assessed by qPCR in pig feces after weaning to achieve a broader view of the bacterial abundance that may potentially be affected differently in H and D groups [55,56]. Post-weaning Bacteroidetes and Enterobacteriaceae abundances were higher in H and D pigs, respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterisation of Early-Life Fecal Microbiota in Susceptible and Healthy Pigs to Post-Weaning Diarrhoea

et al. 2017

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Early-life microbial exposure is of particular importance to growth, immune system development and long-lasting health. Hence, early microbiota composition is a promising predictive biomarker for health and disease but still remains poorly characterized in regards to susceptibility to diarrhoea. In the present study, we aimed to assess if gut bacterial community diversity and composition during the suckling period were associated with differences in susceptibility of pigs to post-weaning diarrhoea. Twenty piglets from 5 sows (4 piglets / litter) were weaned in poor housing conditions to challenge their susceptibility to post-weaning diarrhoea. Two weeks after weaning, 13 pigs exhibited liquid faeces during 2 or 3 days and were defined as diarrhoeic (D) pigs. The other 7 pigs did not have diarrhea during the whole post-weaning experimental periodand were defined as healthy (H) pigs. Using a molecular characterisation of fecal microbiota with CE-SSCP fingerprint, Next Generation Sequencing and qPCR, we show that D and H pigs were mainly discriminated as early as postnatal day (PND) 7, i.e. 4 weeks before post-weaning diarrhoea occurence. At PND 7 H pigs displayed a lower evenness and a higher abundance of Prevotellaceae, Lachnospiraceae, Ruminocacaceae and Lactobacillaceae compared to D pigs. The sPLS regression method indicates that these bacterial families were strongly correlated to a higher Bacteroidetes abundance observed in PND 30 H pigs one week before diarrhoea. These results emphasize the potential of early microbiota diversity and composition as being an indicator of susceptibility to post-weaning diarrhoea. Furthermore, they support the health promoting strategies of pig herds through gut microbiota engineering.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterisation of Early-Life Fecal Microbiota in Susceptible and Healthy Pigs to Post-Weaning Diarrhoea

et al. 2017

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“…On the other hand, the number of Escherichia decreased sharply in all treatment groups, most remarkably in the LAC group. Previous reports showed that the lactulose effect was most distinguishable on the population of Escherichia , specifically enterotoxigenic and enteropathogenic E. coli K88 at post‐weaning (Konstantinov et al ., ; Krause et al ., ; Guerra‐Ordaz et al ., ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, the identified discriminating bacterial genera may have contributions to gut functions in relation to the feed additives with which they are associated. Investigating the influence of probiotic and prebiotic interventions not only in a handful of bacterial groups, which was common in previous studies (Guerra‐Ordaz et al ., ; Zheng et al ., ), but on the total gut microbiota revealed unique bacterial genera that may be beneficial or harmful to pigs; specifically Mitsuokella , Acidaminococcus , Pseudoflavonifractor, Sphaerochaeta , and Anaerovibrio genera were highly influential in the separation of pig groups. The most discriminating bacterium, Mitsuokella , was most abundant in the PRO group (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…lactobacilli) or prebiotic (i.e. inulin, lactulose) administration through increased butyrate supply, heightened villus height for intestinal integrity and better immunomodulation in the gut (Konstantinov et al, 2004;Krause et al, 2010;Lee et al, 2012;Guerra-Ordaz et al, 2014;Sattler et al, 2014). Furthermore, the combination of probiotics and prebiotics, called synbiotics, has shown promising results as a non-AGP (Guerra-Ordaz et al, 2014;Sattler et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Revealing the combined effects of lactulose and probiotic enterococci on the swine faecal microbiota using 454 pyrosequencing

Chae

Pajarillo

et al. 2016

Microbial Biotechnology

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SummaryDemand for the development of non‐antibiotic growth promoters in animal production has increased in recent years. This report compared the faecal microbiota of weaned piglets under the administration of a basal diet (CON) or that containing prebiotic lactulose (LAC), probiotic Enterococcus faecium NCIMB 11181 (PRO) or their synbiotic combination (SYN). At the phylum level, the Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes ratio increased in the treatment groups compared with the CON group, and the lowest proportion of Proteobacteria was observed in the LAC group. At the family level, Enterobacteriaceae decreased in all treatments; more than a 10‐fold reduction was observed in the LAC (0.99%) group compared with the CON group. At the genus level, the highest Oscillibacter proportion was detected in PRO, the highest Clostridium in LAC and the highest Lactobacillus in SYN; the abundance of Escherichia was lowest in the LAC group. Clustering in the discriminant analysis of principal components revealed distinct separation of the feeding groups (CON, LAC, PRO and SYN), showing different microbial compositions according to different feed additives or their combination. These results suggest that individual materials and their combination have unique actions and independent mechanisms for changes in the distal gut microbiota.

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“…enzymes in the intestine, but is metabolized by gut microbiota to short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in the ileum (Guerra-Ordaz et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of lactulose intervention on gut microbiota and short chain fatty acid composition of C57BL/6J mice

et al. 2018

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Gut microbiota have strong connections with health. Lactulose has been shown to regulate gut microbiota and benefit host health. In this study, the effect of short-term (3 week) intervention of lactulose on gut microbiota was investigated. Gut microbiota were detected from mouse feces by 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing, and short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) were detected by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Lactulose intervention enhanced the α-diversity of the gut microbiota; increased the abundance of hydrogen-producing bacteria Prevotellaceae and Rikenellaceae, probiotics Bifidobacteriaceae and Lactobacillaceae, and mucindegrading bacteria Akkermansia and Helicobacter; decreased the abundance of harmful bacteria Desulfovibrionaceae and branched-chain SCFAs (BCFAs). These results suggest that lactulose intervention effectively increased the diversity and improved the structure of the intestinal microbiota, which may be beneficial for host health. K E Y W O R D S16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing, gut microbiota, prebiotic, probiotics, short chain fatty acids 2 of 8 | ZHAI et Al. enzymes in the intestine, but is metabolized by gut microbiota to short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in the ileum (Guerra-Ordaz et al., 2014).Lactulose can change the composition of the gut microbiota. For example, Vanhoutte et al. (2006), reported a significant increase in Bifidobacterium adolescentis following lactulose intake. Tuohy et al. (2002) showed that Bifidobacterium spp. were increased, whereas Clostridia and Lactobacilli were decreased after lactulose treatment in humans.SCFAs are main metabolites of gut microbiota, and are divided into straight-chain SCFAs and branched-chain SCFAs (BCFAs). Straightchain SCFAs are mainly produced by microbial fermentation of unabsorbed dietary carbohydrates in the gut. Lactate and succinate can also be metabolized to straight-chain SCFAs, including acetate, propionate, and butyrate (Hasebe et al., 2016;Verbeke et al., 2015). Straight-chain SCFAs have a range of beneficial effects, including regulation of the colonic and intracellular environment (Wong et al. 2006), and modulation of cell proliferation and gene expression. In addition, straightchain SCFAs are able to improve immune function, glucose regulation, and prevent obesity (Polyviou et al., 2016). In contrast, BCFAs are always derived from catabolism of branched-chain amino acids (Zheng et al., 2013), and are major markers of protein fermentation, which is likely to be detrimental to the host (Yang & Rose, 2015).Although some studies have assessed the effects of lactulose on gut microbiota, the gel-or PCR-based methods used limit our ability to evaluate the full extent of the impact of lactulose on the gut microbiotic community. In this study, 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) were used to evaluate effect of lactulose on gut microbiota and their metabolites in mice. | MATERIAL S AND ME THODS | Animals and experiment designSix-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were...

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Lactulose and Lactobacillus plantarum, a Potential Complementary Synbiotic To Control Postweaning Colibacillosis in Piglets

Cited by 80 publications

References 36 publications

Characterisation of Early-Life Fecal Microbiota in Susceptible and Healthy Pigs to Post-Weaning Diarrhoea

Characterisation of Early-Life Fecal Microbiota in Susceptible and Healthy Pigs to Post-Weaning Diarrhoea

Revealing the combined effects of lactulose and probiotic enterococci on the swine faecal microbiota using 454 pyrosequencing

Effect of lactulose intervention on gut microbiota and short chain fatty acid composition of C57BL/6J mice

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