Revealing the combined effects of lactulose and probiotic enterococci on the swine faecal microbiota using 454 pyrosequencing

Chae, Jong Pyo; Pajarillo, Edward Alain B.; Oh, Ju Kyoung; Kim, Heebal; Kang, Dae‐Kyung

doi:10.1111/1751-7915.12370

Cited by 49 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…The dominant bacterial phyla detected in feces of mice were Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes, which were also previously detected in healthy mice (Chae et al, 2016;Mao et al, 2016 The mean relative abundances of Desulfovibrionaceae before and after lactulose intervention. EG1, experimental group, week 0; EG2, experimental group, 3rd week, n = 6.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Effect of lactulose intervention on gut microbiota and short chain fatty acid composition of C57BL/6J mice

et al. 2018

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Gut microbiota have strong connections with health. Lactulose has been shown to regulate gut microbiota and benefit host health. In this study, the effect of short-term (3 week) intervention of lactulose on gut microbiota was investigated. Gut microbiota were detected from mouse feces by 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing, and short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) were detected by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Lactulose intervention enhanced the α-diversity of the gut microbiota; increased the abundance of hydrogen-producing bacteria Prevotellaceae and Rikenellaceae, probiotics Bifidobacteriaceae and Lactobacillaceae, and mucindegrading bacteria Akkermansia and Helicobacter; decreased the abundance of harmful bacteria Desulfovibrionaceae and branched-chain SCFAs (BCFAs). These results suggest that lactulose intervention effectively increased the diversity and improved the structure of the intestinal microbiota, which may be beneficial for host health. K E Y W O R D S16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing, gut microbiota, prebiotic, probiotics, short chain fatty acids 2 of 8 | ZHAI et Al. enzymes in the intestine, but is metabolized by gut microbiota to short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in the ileum (Guerra-Ordaz et al., 2014).Lactulose can change the composition of the gut microbiota. For example, Vanhoutte et al. (2006), reported a significant increase in Bifidobacterium adolescentis following lactulose intake. Tuohy et al. (2002) showed that Bifidobacterium spp. were increased, whereas Clostridia and Lactobacilli were decreased after lactulose treatment in humans.SCFAs are main metabolites of gut microbiota, and are divided into straight-chain SCFAs and branched-chain SCFAs (BCFAs). Straightchain SCFAs are mainly produced by microbial fermentation of unabsorbed dietary carbohydrates in the gut. Lactate and succinate can also be metabolized to straight-chain SCFAs, including acetate, propionate, and butyrate (Hasebe et al., 2016;Verbeke et al., 2015). Straight-chain SCFAs have a range of beneficial effects, including regulation of the colonic and intracellular environment (Wong et al. 2006), and modulation of cell proliferation and gene expression. In addition, straightchain SCFAs are able to improve immune function, glucose regulation, and prevent obesity (Polyviou et al., 2016). In contrast, BCFAs are always derived from catabolism of branched-chain amino acids (Zheng et al., 2013), and are major markers of protein fermentation, which is likely to be detrimental to the host (Yang & Rose, 2015).Although some studies have assessed the effects of lactulose on gut microbiota, the gel-or PCR-based methods used limit our ability to evaluate the full extent of the impact of lactulose on the gut microbiotic community. In this study, 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) were used to evaluate effect of lactulose on gut microbiota and their metabolites in mice. | MATERIAL S AND ME THODS | Animals and experiment designSix-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Effect of lactulose intervention on gut microbiota and short chain fatty acid composition of C57BL/6J mice

et al. 2018

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“…Profiling of microbial community structure after probiotic, prebiotic and synbiotic administration has led to identification of specific bacterial groups associated with a healthy gut (Chae et al . ). It is important to note that in all of these studies, Lactobacillus has been identified as one of the core genera in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) of pigs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…In recent years, the gut microbial community has been described for both healthy and pathogen-infected pigs in baseline and longitudinal studies, establishing invaluable data on normal and diseased swine gut microbial compositions (Vondruskova et al 2010;Pajarillo et al 2014a). Profiling of microbial community structure after probiotic, prebiotic and synbiotic administration has led to identification of specific bacterial groups associated with a healthy gut (Chae et al 2016). It is important to note that in all of these studies, Lactobacillus has been identified as one of the core genera in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) of pigs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probiotic roles ofLactobacillussp. in swine: insights from gut microbiota

2017

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SummaryThe use of lactobacilli as probiotics in swine has been gaining attention due to their ability to improve growth performance and carcass quality, prevent gastrointestinal infection and most importantly, their 'generally recognized as safe' status. Previous studies support the potential of lactobacilli to regulate host immune systems, enhance gut metabolic capacities and maintain balance in the gut microbiota. Research on swine gut microbiota has revealed complex gut microbial community structure and showed the importance of Lactobacillus to the host's health. However, the species-and strain-specific characteristics of lactobacilli that confer probiotic benefits are still not well understood. The diversity of probiotic traits in a complex gut ecosystem makes it challenging to infer the relationships between specific functions of Lactobacillus sp. and host health. In this review, we provide an overview of how lactobacilli play a pivotal role in the swine gut ecosystem and identify key characteristics that influence gut microbial community structure and the health of pigs. In addition, based on recent and ongoing meta-omics and omics research on the gut microbiota of pigs, we suggest a workflow combining culture-dependent and cultureindependent approaches for more effective selection of probiotic lactobacilli.

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“…Changes in the ratio of Bacteroidetes to Firmicutes significantly affect the host's health (Pyo, Pajarillo, Kyoung, Heebal, & Dae-Kyung, 2016). In this study, the ratio of Bacteroidetes to Firmicutes decreased significantly after PC interventions for 4 weeks and was lower in the low-dose PC group than in the high-dose PC group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 49%

Effects of phycocyanin in modulating the intestinal microbiota of mice

Xie

Zhu

et al. 2019

MicrobiologyOpen

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The health‐promoting effects of phycocyanin (PC) have become widely accepted over the last two decades. In this study, we investigated the effects of different doses of PC in modulating the intestinal microbiota and the intestinal barrier in mice. Six‐week‐old male C57BL/6 mice were treated with PC for 28 days. Fecal samples were collected before and after PC intervention, and the microbiota were analyzed by 16S rRNA high‐throughput sequencing. Bacterial abundance and diversity increased after PC intervention. Saccharolytic bacteria of the families Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcaceae, which can produce butyric acid, increased after PC treatment. The family Rikenellaceae, which contains hydrogen‐producing bacteria, also increased after PC intervention. The PC treatment reduced intestinal permeability and increased the intestinal barrier function, as demonstrated by hematoxylin–eosin staining and reduced serum lipopolysaccharide levels. The modulating effects on the intestinal microbiota were more favorable in the low‐dose PC group.

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Revealing the combined effects of lactulose and probiotic enterococci on the swine faecal microbiota using 454 pyrosequencing

Cited by 49 publications

References 43 publications

Effect of lactulose intervention on gut microbiota and short chain fatty acid composition of C57BL/6J mice

Effect of lactulose intervention on gut microbiota and short chain fatty acid composition of C57BL/6J mice

Probiotic roles ofLactobacillussp. in swine: insights from gut microbiota

Effects of phycocyanin in modulating the intestinal microbiota of mice

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