The in vitro biological activities of the ethyl acetate extract of the
culture filtrate from Streptomyces achromogenes TCH4 (TCH4 extract) were
evaluated. The ethyl acetate extract of TCH4 produced a bacteriostatic
effect against Enterobacter cloacae, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus
saprophyticus, Bacillus subtilis, methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and
Klebsiella pneumoniae. The extract had bactericidal activity against S.
aureus, S. saprophyticus, S. aureus (MRSA) and K. pneumoniae with minimum
bactericidal concentration (MBC) values in the range of 500-1000 ?g/mL. The
total phenolic and flavonoid contents in TCH4 were 107.20?2.57 mg gallic
acid equivalent (GAE)/g and 44.91?0.84 mg quercetin equivalent (QE)/g of dry
extract. Antioxidant activity was determined by DPPH radical (IC50
299.64?6.83 ?g/mL) and ABTS radical scavenging (IC50 65.53?0.95 ?g/mL), and
the ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) (822.76?9.12 mM FeSO4.7H2O/g
dry extract) assays. TCH4 exhibited cytotoxic activity in the DU-145 cell
line (IC50 9.36?0.37 ?g/mL). Analysis of extract constituents by GC-MS
revealed pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazine-1,4-dione, hexahydro-3-(2-methylpropyl)
(36.85%), benzeneacetamide (23.76%), and deferoxamine (12.85%) as the major
compounds, which have been reported to possess pharmaceutical properties. S.
achromogenes TCH4 could be a potential source of bioactive metabolites with
antibacterial, antioxidant and anticancer activities for pharmaceutical
applications.