Investigation on Erosion of Cu/W Contacts in High-Voltage Circuit Breakers

Tepper, J.; Seeger, Martin; Votteler, T.; Behrens, V.; Honig, Thomas

doi:10.1109/tcapt.2006.880476

Cited by 71 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Reignitions caused by high frequency harmonic currents are likely to be of considerably higher repetition rate and lower peak current compared to known ac applications. Further research is necessary to clarify if existing erosion models, such as the one developed by Tepper et al [31] for copper-tungsten contacts in circuit breakers, are capable of estimating the mass loss caused by this particular switching case. Moreover, the delayed reignitions recorded for a small number of current zeros should be investigated further in order to advance the extinction criterion with regard to fast changes of the recovery voltage immediately following current zero.…”

Section: Implications For Future Hvdc Applicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediction of Bus-Transfer Switching in Future HVdc Substations

Ritter

Franck

2018

IEEE Trans. Power Delivery

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Abstract-Prior research has characterized bus-transfer switching capabilities of disconnectors commonly found in ac gas insulated switchgear (GIS) by means of a limit performance prediction. A large number of dc bus-transfer tests was conducted on a modified bus-transfer test setup in order to study the applicability of these findings for the use of disconnectors in future HVdc substations. It was found that the ac extinction criterion based solely on the instantaneous recovery voltage and the expected arc voltage at current zero is also valid for dc bustransfer switching. However, due to the high frequency harmonics inherent to HVdc power transmission, the process of reaching the initial current zero and the extinction of the switching arc at current zero have been discovered to be independent to a certain degree. For negligible harmonic content of the switching current, arcing times below 20 ms have been predicted for reasonable sizes of substations and realistic dc current magnitudes, which is certainly within the capabilities of existing ac disconnectors. The previously devised limit performance prediction can be applied to gauge influences of different harmonic current contents and small modifications to the disconnector in simulation by applying the reignition criterion at the initial and all subsequent current zeros. Ultimately, however, exact knowledge of frequency and magnitude of the harmonic currents is needed in order to perform accurate predictions.

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Section: Implications For Future Hvdc Applicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediction of Bus-Transfer Switching in Future HVdc Substations

Ritter

Franck

2018

IEEE Trans. Power Delivery

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“…Similarly, the charge transported through the arc exhibits a difference over a factor of two between best and worst case. The transported charge can be linked to contact erosion according to Tepper et al when neglecting the time-dependent heat conduction into the contacts [13]. Therefore, the substantially higher transported charge in the worst case as compared to the best case imply different amounts of mass lost in contact erosion.…”

Section: Implications For Determining Limit Performance Of Disconmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Method for Predicting Limit Performance of Bus-Transfer Switching by Disconnectors

Ritter

Straumann

Franck

2017

IEEE Trans. Power Delivery

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Abstract-In order to accurately predict the performance of disconnectors conducting bus-transfer switching in gas insulated substations (GIS), the influencing factors of the switching process itself as well as the reignition characteristics need to be analyzed. For this, an LC-oscillating AC current source in combination with a non-standardized full bus-transfer loop was built. Based on experiment data from a total of 347 reignitions and 570 extinctions, the reignition characteristic of the disconnector at current zero was investigated. Thereby, the derivation of a reignition criterion depending exclusively on the prediction of the instantaneous recovery voltage and the prospective arc voltage was possible. Using this criterion, time-dependent simulations of the bus-transfer process can be made to predict the performance of disconnectors for a wide variety of scenarios such as worst-case bus-transfer current for varying circuit parameters and ratings. Thus minimizing the need for extensive testing during substation planning or disconnector development.

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“…This needs careful design of the capacitive electric field, the flow field in the breaker and control of polymeric and contact material ablation (e.g. [11][12][13][14][15]). It has to be noted that CBs have to fulfill certain lifetime requirements, i.e.…”

Section: Outline Of Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The contact erosion can be predicted by relatively Plasma Chem Plasma Process simple models, e.g. [13]. Similarly to the treatment of polymer ablation a detailed treatment of the electrode sheath is usually not needed for HV CB.…”

Section: Contact Erosion and Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perspectives on Research on High Voltage Gas Circuit Breakers

Seeger

2014

Plasma Chem Plasma Process

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The research on high voltage circuit breakers using SF 6 is addressed. The current state of the art in this field is shortly reviewed and future research directions are discussed. These are mainly the radiative energy transport, the understanding and description of ablation processes at the nozzle and contact surfaces, the influence of such vapors on pressure build up and interruption capability, electric breakdown processes, departures from equilibrium, turbulence and the importance of magnetic fields and 3D modelling.

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Investigation on Erosion of Cu/W Contacts in High-Voltage Circuit Breakers

Cited by 71 publications

References 15 publications

Prediction of Bus-Transfer Switching in Future HVdc Substations

Prediction of Bus-Transfer Switching in Future HVdc Substations

Novel Method for Predicting Limit Performance of Bus-Transfer Switching by Disconnectors

Perspectives on Research on High Voltage Gas Circuit Breakers

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