Investigation of prevention of mother to child HIV transmission program from 2011 to 2017 in Suzhou, China

Abstract

The vertical transmission of HIV, from mother to child remains one of the biggest challenges all over the world. This study evaluated the implementation and effectiveness of the prevention of mother to child HIV transmission (PMTCT) program from 2011 to 2017 in Suzhou. A total of 107 HIV positive women were enrolled in the program, of which 11 were diagnosed through premarital examination, and 96 women were diagnosed through prenatal examination. Among the 96 pregnant women, 67 gave birth to 68 live neonates. Only one infant was diagnosed HIV infected because the HIV positive mother did not enter the PMTCT program until delivery. The HIV prevalence in Suzhou city showed a low-level tendency. To increase the prenatal health utility and antiretroviral medication compliance of the migrant population in Suzhou, there are improvements to make in order to achieve the 90-90-90 targets.

<p>Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV and Its Predictors Among HIV-Exposed Infants at an Outpatient Clinic for HIV/AIDS in Vietnam</p>

“…Many studies worldwide showed that the adoption of Option B+ had contributed to a decrease in the rate of MTCT of HIV. 16,[25][26][27][28][29] During the 12-year follow-up of this cohort, of 229 women who were on ART before or during pregnancy, only one child (0.43%) whose mother received AZT monotherapy (Option A) had HIV-positive at the age of 18 months. This finding is consistent with the study of Kesho Bora Group; they found that the mothers who received AZT monotherapy were less effective in PMTCT than those receiving triple ARV.…”

Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission (PMTCT) of HIV in Iran: Situation Analysis of the Pilot Phase

“…These shortcomings in the program are also a risk factor for the transmission of HIV from mother to infant, which could disrupt EMTCT. According to the findings of other studies [6,10], 96% of cases in African countries had a natural delivery while the majority of patients in China [7] had delivered via a cesarean section. Of all, 97.8% cases in Rwanda [10] and 87% in Ethiopia [12] were exclusively breastfed.…”

“…In 75% of cases, the test was performed before the 18th week of gestation. Rapid diagnosis of and counseling for HIV in the first trimester of pregnancy is one of the key points in preventing the transmission of disease from mother to child, because during that time the treatments can be more effective [7]. In the pilot phase, some of the studied pregnant women were in the last weeks of gestation and some of them were diagnosed at the end of pregnancy; this problem will be resolved at the integration phase.…”

“…One of the reasons for the lack of full and regular adherence to the medication is the patients' fear of disclosing their illness to the family, which is a serious problem that must be addressed properly. Of all eligible women with HIV, 30.6% in Uganda [6], 77% in Côte d'Ivoire [13], and almost 100% in China [7] received ART from the early time of diagnosis. HIV infection in spouse, high level of education, availability of services in health centers, the presence of knowledgeable staff during childbirth, and maternal training have been reported to be effective in the acceptance of ARV by mothers [14].…”

“…Over a period of five years in Uganda [15], 18% of children born to HIV-infected mothers died. Of all children born to HIV-infected mothers, 6% in Ethiopia [12] and one out of 67 children in China [7] were infected with HIV. The prevalence of HIV infection among 6-week old children at risk of HIV exposure in South Africa [9], ranged from 0.3-2.4% in different regions.…”