Investigation of Organophilic Montmorillonite Clay Inclusion in Zearalenone-Contaminated Diets Using the Mouse Uterine Weight Bioassay

Lemke, Shawna L.; Mayura, K.; Reeves, William R.; Wang, Naisyin; Fickey, C.; Phillips, Timothy D.

doi:10.1080/009841001459405

Cited by 50 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Clays added to a diet can bind and immobilize toxic materials in the gastro-intestinal tract of animals and largely reduce their biological availability and toxicity for the body (Phillips, 1999;Lemke et al, 2001;Phillips et al, 2002;Trckova et al, 2004). Multiple studies have confirmed the decontaminating properties of clay minerals.…”

Section: Adsorption Capacity and Effects Of Clay Mineralsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Alternatives to antibiotic growth promoters in prevention of diarrhoea in weaned piglets: a review

Vondruskova¹,

Slamova²,

Trčková³

et al. 2010

Vet. Med.

161

155

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ABSTRACT:The weaning time is a crucial period in the management of piglets. The risk of development of post-weaning diarrhoea (PWD) in piglets is high. PWD is the cause of serious economic losses in pig herds. Since 2006, the use of antibiotic growth promoters for prevention of diarrhoeal diseases in piglets has been banned. This measure also led to the investigation of alternative suitable feed supplements that would be reasonably efficient in protecting and sustaining animal health and performance. Various natural materials such as probiotics, prebiotics, organic acids, zinc and plant extracts have been tested as effective alternatives to antibiotics. Recently, owing to their high adsorption capacity, research efforts have been conducted on the application of natural clays and clay-based feed supplements. The purpose of this review is to summarize the effect of different alternative components as growth promoters on the health and performance of weaned and growing piglets.Keywords: infection; swine; antibiotics; intestinal microflora; performance; probiotics; prebiotics, organic acids; zinc; phytobiotics; aluminosilicate List of abbreviations CFU = colony-forming unit; ETEC = enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli; MMT = montmorillonite; PWD = post weaning diarrhoea; SCFA = short chain fatty acids; VFA = volatile fatty acids Review ArticleVeterinarni Medicina, 55, 2010 (5): 199-224 200 ruses (Moller et al., 1998;Song et al., 2006), transmissive gastroenteritis virus (Hampson et al., 1987; Alexa et al., 1995 Alexa et al., , 2001 Chae et al., 2000;Madec et al., 2000;Melin et al., 2004;Song et al., 2006;Thomsson et al., 2008) and others have been most frequently diagnosed.Early-weaned piglets are exposed to several stress factors, with nutrition, etiology and indoor environment of housing being particularly implicated (Madec et al., 2000;Laine et al., 2008). Noninfectious stress factors which are involved in the development of gastroenteric disorders are: -age of piglets when they are weaned from their dam (Svensmark et al., 1989;Skirrow et al., 1997), -sudden change of feed from sow milk that provides piglets with immunoglobulins (Bailey et al., 1992), -irregular feed intake (Bark et al., 1986;Spencer and Howell, 1989;Svensmark et al., 1989;Madec et al., 1998;Laine et al., 2008), -feed structure (Amezcua et al., 2002), -animal hygiene and housing conditions (Le Dividich, 1981;Le Dividich and Herpin, 1994;Madec et al., 1998), -inadequate feeder space per piglet in the pen (Amezcua et al., 2002). Numerous changes in the early-weaned piglet body can initiate PWD, such as morphological (Hampson, 1986) and functional alterations of the small intestine (Kidder and Manners, 1980; Hampson and Kidder, 1986), changes in intestinal colonization with predominance of E. coli (Melin et al., 1997;Katouli et al., 1999) and weakening of the immune system (Blecha et al., 1983;Wattrang et al., 1998). Ban of antibiotic growth promotersRegarding the fact that weaning greatly affects general health condition of piglets, it is nece...

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Section: Adsorption Capacity and Effects Of Clay Mineralsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Alternatives to antibiotic growth promoters in prevention of diarrhoea in weaned piglets: a review

Vondruskova¹,

Slamova²,

Trčková³

et al. 2010

Vet. Med.

161

155

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Average uterine weight was significantly greater in E2-␤-treated animals than in control animals (E2-␤, 0.562 Ϯ 0.011 vs. controls, 0.097 Ϯ 0.005 g; n ϭ 12 animals). Increased uterine weight has been previously used as an indicator of E2-␤ treatment (14,31,39).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To avoid decreases in hematocrit during the experimental period, red blood cells were resuspended in saline and infused back into the animal after each sample collection. Uterine weight was measured as an indicator of E2-␤ delivery (14,31,39). At the final time point, blood gases were measured to confirm exposure conditions using a blood gas analyzer (model ABL-5, Radiometer).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

17β-Estradiol decreases hypoxic induction of erythropoietin gene expression

Mukundan

Resta

Kanagy

2002

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

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Mukundan, Harshini, Thomas C. Resta, and Nancy L. Kanagy. 17␤-Estradiol decreases hypoxic induction of erythropoietin gene expression. Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol 283: R496-R504, 2002. First published April 4, 2002 10.1152/ajpregu.00573.2001.-Exposure to chronic hypoxia induces erythropoietin (EPO) production to facilitate oxygen delivery to hypoxic tissues. Previous studies from our laboratory found that ovariectomy (OVX) exacerbates the polycythemic response to hypoxia and treatment with 17␤-estradiol (E2-␤) inhibits this effect. We hypothesized that E2-␤ decreases EPO gene expression during hypoxia. Because E2-␤ can induce nitric oxide (NO) production and NO can attenuate EPO synthesis, we further hypothesized that E2-␤ inhibition of EPO gene expression is mediated by NO. These hypotheses were tested in OVX catheterized rats treated with E2-␤ (20 g/day) or vehicle for 14 days and exposed to 8 or 12 h of hypoxia (12% O 2) or normoxia. We found that E2-␤ treatment significantly decreased EPO synthesis and gene expression during hypoxia. E2-␤ treatment did not induce endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) expression in the kidney but potentiated hypoxiainduced increases in plasma nitrates. We conclude that E2-␤ decreases hypoxic induction of EPO. However, this effect does not appear to be related to changes in renal eNOS expression. nitric oxide; polycythemia; hypoxia CHRONIC EXPOSURE TO HYPOXIA can cause a number of pathophysiological conditions including pulmonary hypertension and chronic mountain sickness. Hypoxic induction of erythropoiesis leads to polycythemia, which may contribute to the development of these diseases. Erythropoiesis is mediated by the small glycoprotein hormone erythropoietin (EPO; Refs. 3, 12). In adults, EPO is primarily synthesized in the kidney and stimulates red blood cell synthesis in bone marrow. During hypoxia, elevated red blood cell numbers help to compensate for compromised oxygen delivery to tissues.The physiological and biochemical properties of EPO have been extensively studied, but there are few studies to investigate gender differences in regulation of the hormone. It has been demonstrated that 17␤-estradiol (E2-␤) can influence the expression of hypoxiainducible genes such as vascular endothelial growth factor and endothelin-1 (ET-1) (4, 11, 58). However, estrogen regulation of EPO gene expression is not well understood. In some tissues such as the uterus and ovaries, E2-␤ has been shown to induce EPO production (34, 67). However, this regulation seems to be independent of pathways involved in hypoxic stimulation of EPO synthesis. In contrast, several investigators have shown that women living at high altitude have a lower hematocrit compared with men at the same altitude. Peschle et al. (40) observed that administration of estrogen benzoate (10 g/day) to ovariectomized (OVX) rats attenuated increases in plasma iron following hypoxia. Studies from our laboratory (46) have also shown that OVX augments hypoxia-induced increases in hematocrit in rats (0.5 atm, ...

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“…The powder was prepared according to the method described by previous study [33]. The HNTs were modified using SKC (Jingwei Chemical Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China) according to the methods described previously [34].…”

Section: Sorbent Materials and Modificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of modified halloysite nanotubes in the feed reduces the toxic effects of zearalenone on sow reproduction and piglet development

et al. 2015

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Investigation of Organophilic Montmorillonite Clay Inclusion in Zearalenone-Contaminated Diets Using the Mouse Uterine Weight Bioassay

Cited by 50 publications

References 17 publications

Alternatives to antibiotic growth promoters in prevention of diarrhoea in weaned piglets: a review

Alternatives to antibiotic growth promoters in prevention of diarrhoea in weaned piglets: a review

17β-Estradiol decreases hypoxic induction of erythropoietin gene expression

Use of modified halloysite nanotubes in the feed reduces the toxic effects of zearalenone on sow reproduction and piglet development

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