Investigation of Dual-Fuel Combustion by Different Port Injection Fuels (Neat Ethanol and E85) in a DE95 Diesel/Ethanol Blend Fueled Compression Ignition Engine

Abstract

This paper investigated the effect of different substitution ratios of neat ethanol (E100) and ethanol–gasoline blend E85 on in-cylinder combustion, engine efficiency, and exhaust emissions, in a dual-fuel diesel engine, using the ethanol–diesel blend (DE95). Experimental studies realized at 1400 rpm, 1600 rpm, and 1800 rpm engine speeds under constant engine load of 50% (20 Nm). For each engine speed, the injection timing of diesel and E95 fuels at 24 °CA bTDC kept constant while low-reactivity fuels (i.e., E100 and E85) substitution ratio changed in the range of 59–83%. The results showed that premixed fuels in different SRs have an impact on shaping engine emissions, ignition delay (ID), in-cylinder pressure, and heat-release rate. Also, at the dual-fuel experimental studies in all engine speeds, NOx about 47–67% decrease compared to single fuel conditions of reference diesel and DE95, and smoke opacity remained unchanged around 0.1 FSN, whereas HC and CO increased in the range of 20–50%. However, E85/DE95 and E100/DE95 dual-fuel combustion achieved lower brake thermal efficiency (BTE) and combustion efficiency compared to single diesel fuel combustion. On the other hand, in dual-fuel combustion conditions, despite the low combustion efficiency, premixed E85 fuel offered higher engine efficiency and lower exhaust emissions than E100.

Effect of core flow heat transfer enhancement on power generation characteristics of thermoelectric generators with different performances

“…Figs. 6 shows the comparison of the power generation efficiency of the thermoelectric generator using three different thermoelectric modules with and without the metal foam. As shown in the figure, the thermoelectric conversion efficiency increases with the use of the high-performance module and the enhancement of heat exchange.…”

“…About 30-40% of the fuel energy in vehicles with internal combustion engines (ICEs) is released into the atmosphere as waste heat energy [5] . Carbon dioxide (CO2), unburned hydrocarbons (UHC), carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NOx) and particulate matter (PM) emitted into the atmosphere by internal combustion engines will cause environmental and health hazards [6][7] [8] . The engine efficiency could be increased by approximately 4-5% by converting the exhaust waste heat energy of ICEs into useful energy with thermoelectric waste heat recovery systems.…”

Experimental investigation on performance, smoke and exhaust gas analysis of four stroke diesel engine using pongomia/neem oil biodiesel

“…The results reveal that, nano particle mixed blends of neem methyl ester and die thy ester enhances the performance characteristics and reduce harmful emissions. Gurbuj et al (2020) conducted a study on dual fuel combustion by different port injection fuels (neat ethanol and E85) in a DE95 diesel ethanol blend CI Engine. The results showed that, dual fuel combustion achieved low brake thermal efficiency and combustion efficiency compared to single diesel fuel combustion.…”

Effect of port injection of ethanol on engine performance, exhaust emissions and environmental factors in a dual-fuel diesel engine

“…13 The use of alcohols such as methanol and ethanol as a secondary fuel to reduce nitrogen oxides ( NO x ) and particulate matter ( PM ) emissions of diesel engines is quite common. 13 Ethanol is the most commonly used alcohol in diesel engines, 14–16 although a high-octane number. 17 They play an essential role in reducing the soot and other harmful diesel emissions due to the molecular structure of oxygen bonds.…”