“…Over the last few decades liquid phase chemical bath deposition (CBD) has become an important technique to deposit metal, semiconductor, and dielectric thin films over large areas due to its low cost and scalability. It has been used for photovoltaic devices, − infrared hollow wave guides, magnetic semiconductor devices, supercapacitors, photocatalysis, optoelectronic devices, cholesterol sensing, and to manufacture nanoparticles . However, understanding the CBD process has primarily been through a postdeposition analysis of film microstructure resulting from varying reaction parameters, such as temperature, solution concentration, pH, and fluid flow. − , Recently, a small number of studies have appeared in which real time investigations have been used, all with the goal of better understanding the nucleation and growth process of CBD film deposition.…”