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Different concentrations of fillers such as manganese dioxide (MnO 2 ) and magnetite (Fe 3 O 4 ) were incorporated into acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (NBR)-interlinked composites. The prepared composite systems were irradiated by electrons at a constant dose of 50 kGy to induce radiation cross-linking under atmospheric conditions. The effect of different contents of fillers and temperature variations on direct current (DC) electrical conductivity, DC , in NBR/MnO 2 and NBR/Fe 3 O 4 mixture systems was investigated. The calculated activation energy, ÁE DC , from DC was found to be highly affected by both the type and concentration of the fillers, while the dielectric properties namely dielectric constant, dielectric loss, and the alternating current (AC) electrical conductivity ( AC ), were measured as functions of frequency and temperature and for different filler concentrations of MnO 2 and Fe 3 O 4 . The AC value was calculated from dielectric measurements and by employing a simple relationship. The analysis of the AC results shows that the conductivity increases up to a temperature of about 330 K. Further increase of temperature reduces the conductivity of Fe 3 O 4 samples, while the conductivity of MnO 2 samples tends to show almost constant values after this temperature. Mechanical properties, tensile strength (TS), tensile modulus at 100% elongation, and hardness were established as a function of different concentrations of fillers MnO 2 and Fe 3 O 4 . It was found that filler incorporation into the NBR matrix is one of the major factors that enhance the TS as well as hardness resistance, while the elongation at break shows an adverse behavior by increasing the content of MnO 2 and Fe 3 O 4 fillers.

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In this paper, we report the influence of low-energy oxygen ion irradiation with fluence ranging from [Formula: see text][Formula: see text][Formula: see text] to [Formula: see text][Formula: see text][Formula: see text] on the structural, optical, and electrical properties of fresh and annealed (400∘C, 3[Formula: see text]h) zinc oxide (ZnO) thin films. These films were grown on soda-lime glass (SLG) substrates using the spin-coating method as a low-cost depositing technique. X-ray diffraction (XRD) study showed the formation of the hexagonal phase of ZnO thin films with preferred orientation along the (002) plane. The crystallite size for fresh and annealed ZnO thin films was in nanoscale and it increased with the annealing temperature. Also, the crystallite size increased with the ion beam irradiation fluence in the case of annealed ZnO films, while it slightly decreased for the fresh ZnO films. The transmittance and absorbance spectra for the ZnO films were investigated in a wide wavelength range. The optical bandgap was specified by using Tauc’s relation. The electrical properties of the ZnO films (fresh and annealed at 400∘C for 3[Formula: see text]h) were studied before and after the oxygen ion beam irradiation. Also, the dielectric properties were investigated with respect to frequency at different ion beam irradiation fluences. The comprehensive results showed the dielectric and optical properties are improved due to the induced conductive networks by oxygen ion irradiation.