Investigation into State-of-Health Impedance Diagnostic for 26650 4P1S Battery Packs

Huhman, B. M.; Heinzel, John M.; Mili, Lamine; Love, Corey T.; Wetz, David A.

doi:10.1149/2.0631701jes

Cited by 25 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…where E Dn1 , E Dn2 , E Dn3 and E Dn4 are the energy losses of diodes D n1 , D n2 , D n3 and D n4 . From (25) and (26), it can be known that although FW-VM has two times number of diodes than HW-VM, FW-VM and HW-VM has the same energy losses of diodes during equalisation.…”

Section: Comparison Of Fw-vm and Hw-vmmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Compared with conventional HW-VM equalisers, FW-VM circuit in [24] benefits with lower equalisation energy loss and fast equalisation speed. However, with the zeta type font-end circuit, the equaliser in [24] cannot keep continuous input current from the battery pack, thus a large discharge pulse current drain from the battery pack would shorten the battery life [25]. In addition, only equalisation principle of FW-VM circuit was analysed in [24], without performing detailed comparative analysis with equalisers using HW-VM in terms of equalisation energy loss and equalisation speed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modularised non‐isolated two‐switch equaliser using full‐wave voltage multiplier for series‐connected battery/super‐capacitor

et al. 2019

IET Power Electronics

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Conventional battery/super-capacitor (SC) cell voltage equalisers require numerous switches and/or a multi-winding transformer, which are not desired in terms of circuit complexity and extendibility. In this study, a modularised non-isolated twoswitch cell voltage equaliser for series-connected lithium-ion battery/SC is proposed. The proposed equaliser consists of a nonisolated front-end dc-dc converter and a full-wave voltage multiplier circuit. Without coupled-inductor, multi-winding transformer and multiple active switches, the proposed equaliser uses only two active switches and two magnetic components, thus it benefits from reduced complexity and circuit volume. Meanwhile, the modularised full-wave voltage multiplier circuit makes it flexible to extend to more battery/SC cells. Furthermore, it can work under open-loop without cell monitoring circuit, which makes its control simple. The equalisation current of the proposed equaliser can be limited automatically. Compared with conventional non-isolated equalisers using half-wave voltage multiplier, it benefits from faster equalisation speed and lower equalisation loss. High efficiency is achieved by zero voltage switching of all switches. Experimental results are provided to verify analysis results of the proposed equaliser.

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Section: Comparison Of Fw-vm and Hw-vmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modularised non‐isolated two‐switch equaliser using full‐wave voltage multiplier for series‐connected battery/super‐capacitor

et al. 2019

IET Power Electronics

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“…15 Huhman et al estimated the battery SOH based on the equivalent series resistance at 1 kHz. 16 Yuan et al applied the polarization resistance in a first-order ECM to indicate battery life. 17 In recent years, the feasibility to indicate the battery life with the impedance is further improved with the continuous development of onboard impedance measurement systems or methods.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Eddahech et al used the real part of the battery impedance at 0.1 Hz to indicate the aging state to predict the remaining useful life 15 . Huhman et al estimated the battery SOH based on the equivalent series resistance at 1 kHz 16 . Yuan et al applied the polarization resistance in a first‐order ECM to indicate battery life 17 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel dual time scale life prediction method for lithium‐ion batteries considering effects of temperature and state of charge

Wang

Dai

et al. 2021

Intl J of Energy Research

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Life prediction facilitates efficient management and timely maintenance of lithium-ion batteries. Challenges are still faced in eliminating the effects of battery temperature or state of charge (SOC) on the life indicator to form a life prediction method for complex onboard working conditions. To fulfill the research gap, this paper focuses on three novelties about the life indicator, effect elimination, and life prediction method. First, impedance spectra at different temperatures, SOC, and aging cycles are comprehensively studied by experiments. By fitting the spectra with an equivalent circuit model, changes of ohmic resistance, solid electrolyte interphase resistance, and charge transfer resistance (CTR) are analyzed in detail. CTR is determined as a novel life indicator, and an empirical model describing the changing trend of CTR with aging cycles is established. Second, a multi-factor coupled CTR model is applied to eliminate the strong effects of temperature and SOC during the prediction. Third, the tracking of the effects and the changing trend of the CTR with the aging cycles form a composite life prediction method with dual time scales. The results show that the battery life can be accurately predicted and the errors converge to within ±5% even though the indicator CTR is obtained at different temperatures and SOC.With this method, life prediction no longer depends on the indicator obtained in a specific state. It has great potential to broaden the implementation of life prediction for onboard conditions.

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“…LAM PE and LAM NE can be quantified by analyzing the derivative of voltage with respect to capacity (d V d Q ). − This method requires high quality open circuit voltage (OCV) measurements collected at low current rates (though voltage relaxation has also been used) and is unable to obtain degradation modes that primarily affect transport and kinetics. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) can be used to diagnose impedance-related degradation modes for cells − and packs, and others have combined EIS and OCV measurements. , However, both of these tests require specialized hardware and long periods in which the battery cannot be used. Specifically, measurement of the OCV will require a minimum of 5 h of inactivity.…”

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confidence: 99%

Massively Distributed Bayesian Analysis of Electric Aircraft Battery Degradation

Bills,

Fredericks,

Sulzer

et al. 2023

ACS Energy Lett.

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Electric vertical takeoff and landing (EVTOL) aircraft have high power and energy requirements that must be understood throughout their batteries’ life. Using a fast electrochemical model and high throughput computing, we independently and simultaneously sample the degradation modes for 21392 cycles of an EVTOL aircraft battery data set, obtaining a posterior probability distribution for each degradation mode throughout the life of the aircraft. The model shows a median error of 32.5 mV (or 1.9%) across all cycles. We conduct an identifiability analysis on the generated mode distributions. We analyze correlations between the modes and cycling characteristics, finding that depth of discharge, temperature, and charging current all have significant impacts on degradation. We introduce a protocol for early identification of active degradation mechanisms, identifying electrolyte oxidation, active material dissolution, and growth of a solid–electrolyte interphase as the most likely causes of battery degradation. Finally, we discuss other applications of large-scale sampling of battery degradation modes.

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Investigation into State-of-Health Impedance Diagnostic for 26650 4P1S Battery Packs

Cited by 25 publications

References 20 publications

Modularised non‐isolated two‐switch equaliser using full‐wave voltage multiplier for series‐connected battery/super‐capacitor

Modularised non‐isolated two‐switch equaliser using full‐wave voltage multiplier for series‐connected battery/super‐capacitor

A novel dual time scale life prediction method for lithium‐ion batteries considering effects of temperature and state of charge

Massively Distributed Bayesian Analysis of Electric Aircraft Battery Degradation

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