Investigating the molecular underpinnings underlying morphology and changes in carbon partitioning during tension wood formation in <i>Eucalyptus</i>

Mizrachi, Eshchar; Maloney, Victoria; Silberbauer, Janine Francina; Hefer, Charles A.; Berger, David Kenneth; Mansfield, Shawn D.; Myburg, Alexander Andrew

doi:10.1111/nph.13152

Cited by 37 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 85 publications

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“…2-5; Tables II and III). Higher proportions of Gal have been detected in TW than in NW of several species (Meier, 1962;Kuo and Timell, 1969;Furuya et al, 1970;Ruel and Barnoud, 1978;Mizrachi et al, 2014), and b-(1→4)-galactan has been detected in G-layers of aspen (Arend, 2008). However, b-(1→4)-galactan has not been shown previously to cooccur with RG-I in TW.…”

Section: Discussion Key Differences In the Structure And Occurrence Omentioning

confidence: 95%

Aspen tension wood fibers contain β-(1→4)-galactans and acidic arabinogalactans retained by cellulose microfibrils in gelatinous walls

et al. 2015

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Contractile cell walls are found in various plant organs and tissues such as tendrils, contractile roots, and tension wood. The tension-generating mechanism is not known but is thought to involve special cell wall architecture. We previously postulated that tension could result from the entrapment of certain matrix polymers within cellulose microfibrils. As reported here, this hypothesis was corroborated by sequential extraction and analysis of cell wall polymers that are retained by cellulose microfibrils in tension wood and normal wood of hybrid aspen (Populus tremula 3 Populus tremuloides). b-(1→4)-Galactan and type II arabinogalactan were the main large matrix polymers retained by cellulose microfibrils that were specifically found in tension wood. Xyloglucan was detected mostly in oligomeric form in the alkali-labile fraction and was enriched in tension wood. b-(1→4)-Galactan and rhamnogalacturonan I backbone epitopes were localized in the gelatinous cell wall layer. Type II arabinogalactans retained by cellulose microfibrils had a higher content of (methyl)glucuronic acid and galactose in tension wood than in normal wood. Thus, b-(1→4)-galactan and a specialized form of type II arabinogalactan are trapped by cellulose microfibrils specifically in tension wood and, thus, are the main candidate polymers for the generation of tensional stresses by the entrapment mechanism. We also found high b-galactosidase activity accompanying tension wood differentiation and propose a testable hypothesis that such activity might regulate galactan entrapment and, thus, mechanical properties of cell walls in tension wood.

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Section: Discussion Key Differences In the Structure And Occurrence Omentioning

confidence: 95%

Aspen tension wood fibers contain β-(1→4)-galactans and acidic arabinogalactans retained by cellulose microfibrils in gelatinous walls

et al. 2015

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“…Tubulins affect cortical microtubule arrangement and thus cellulose microfibril angle (MFA) (43,44). TUA2 specifically is known to be a target of SND1, the master regulator of secondary cell wall deposition (45,46), and is one of two alpha-tubulins that is significantly up-regulated in Eucalyptus during tension wood formation, during which MFA is one of the main physical changes in the wood (47). Given that MFA is thought to affect wood ultrastructure and stiffness (48,49), it is interesting to find this tubulin associated with bioprocessing-related traits such as sugar release in this study.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Network-based integration of systems genetics data reveals pathways associated with lignocellulosic biomass accumulation and processing

Mizrachi

Verbeke

Christie

et al. 2017

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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As a consequence of their remarkable adaptability, fast growth, and superior wood properties, eucalypt tree plantations have emerged as key renewable feedstocks (over 20 million ha globally) for the production of pulp, paper, bioenergy, and other lignocellulosic products. However, most biomass properties such as growth, wood density, and wood chemistry are complex traits that are hard to improve in long-lived perennials. Systems genetics, a process of harnessing multiple levels of component trait information (e.g., transcript, protein, and metabolite variation) in populations that vary in complex traits, has proven effective for dissecting the genetics and biology of such traits. We have applied a network-based data integration (NBDI) method for a systems-level analysis of genes, processes and pathways underlying biomass and bioenergy-related traits using a segregating Eucalyptus hybrid population. We show that the integrative approach can link biologically meaningful sets of genes to complex traits and at the same time reveal the molecular basis of trait variation. Gene sets identified for related woody biomass traits were found to share regulatory loci, cluster in network neighborhoods, and exhibit enrichment for molecular functions such as xylan metabolism and cell wall development. These findings offer a framework for identifying the molecular underpinnings of complex biomass and bioprocessing-related traits. A more thorough understanding of the molecular basis of plant biomass traits should provide additional opportunities for the establishment of a sustainable bio-based economy.systems genetics | lignocellulosic biomass | cell wall | bioenergy | network-based data integration

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“…A maior intensidade de sinal, ou seja, a maior concentração de lignina pode ser observada no canto celular e na lamela média, o que corrobora com afirmativa de Fromm et al (2003), que, trabalhando com microscopia eletrônica de varredura e de transmissão, observaram que a lignina ocorre em concentrações elevadas na lamela média, e que na transição entre a camada S1 e S2 ocorre aumento da concentração de lignina. Mizrachi et al (2015) estudando clones híbridos de Eucalyptus grandis x Eucalyptus Urophylla com quatro anos de idade, relataram que o lenho de tração possui anatomia diferenciada em relação ao lenho oposto. Essas alterações relatadas no lenho de tração tratam-se das características das fibras que se apresentam mais longas e mais finas (JOUREZ et al, 2001;YOSHIZAWA et al, 2000), possuindo parede celular mais espessa e menor lume quando comparado com lenho normal ou oposto (JOUREZ et al, 2001;RUELLE et al, 2006).…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

“…A intensidade no lenho de tração foi 40% menor em relação ao lenho normal. Estes resultados corroboram com o estudo realizado por Mizrachi et al (2015), com clones híbridos de Eucalyptus grandis x Eucalyptus urophylla com 4 anos de idade, que demonstrou redução de 30% no teor de lignina no lenho de tração em relação ao lenho normal.…”

Section: Sciunclassified

Distribuição espacial da lignina na parede celular da madeira de Eucalyptus grandis

Souza¹,

Lima²,

Assis³

et al. 2019

Sci. For.

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A lignina é um importante componente da parede celular que contribui para impermeabilização de elementos condutores do xilema, confere enrijecimento da célula, conformação física do vegetal, resistência à compressão no lenho e também apresenta grande importância na indústria energética. Sabe-se que há diferenças no conteúdo de lignina entre as madeiras normal e de reação, contudo, sua distribuição na parede celular é pouco conhecida. Neste contexto, o objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar a distribuição espacial do conteúdo de lignina na parede celular das fibras dos lenhos normal e de reação em Eucalyptus grandis. Para isso, foram utilizadas duas árvores com 28 anos de idade, sendo uma com tronco ereto e outra com tronco inclinado. Discos de 5 cm de espessura, foram retirados a 1,30 m de distância do solo (DAP) e a 25% da altura total da árvore, a partir deles foram analisados os lenhos normal, de tração e oposto. Amostras de madeira foram retiradas desde a medula até a casca, das quais foram confeccionados cortes histológicos, utilizados para análise no microscópio laser confocal. As amostras foram retiradas em três posições radiais: interna, intermediaria e externa, para cada um dos lenhos. O lenho de tração apresentou intensidade do sinal de fluorescência 40% menor em relação ao lenho normal. Não foi observado um padrão de variação da intensidade de fluorescência da lignina no sentido medula-casca. Não houve diferença estatística na intensidade da lignina entre as duas alturas amostradas. Nos lenhos analisados, as regiões da lamela média e do canto celular apresentaram maior intensidade de fluorescência da lignina.

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Investigating the molecular underpinnings underlying morphology and changes in carbon partitioning during tension wood formation in Eucalyptus

Cited by 37 publications

References 85 publications

Aspen tension wood fibers contain β-(1→4)-galactans and acidic arabinogalactans retained by cellulose microfibrils in gelatinous walls

Aspen tension wood fibers contain β-(1→4)-galactans and acidic arabinogalactans retained by cellulose microfibrils in gelatinous walls

Network-based integration of systems genetics data reveals pathways associated with lignocellulosic biomass accumulation and processing

Distribuição espacial da lignina na parede celular da madeira de Eucalyptus grandis

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