“…Due to these biases, it can not represent the entire population, and due to this, the results produced by recommender systems are biased, so there is an utmost need to solve this problem. The most common types of biases are gender bias [9,18], racial bias [19], selection bias [20,24], exposure bias [28,31], position bias [8,11], and popularity bias [4,5,12,27,30]. The focus of this paper is on popularity bias.…”