Abstract:Resumo Em inquérito sorológico sobre leptospiroses realizado em Humboldt, Município de Aripuanã, Mato Grosso, foram estudados, pela técnica de soroaglutinação microscópica, 234 residentes da área, 22 (9,40%) dos quais apresentaram anticorpos para Leptospira, considerando-se como sugestivos títulos a partir de 1:100, por tratar-se de estudo de natureza epidemiológica e não clínica. Os sorotipos prevalentes foram panamá, bataviae e andamana, observando-se ainda tarassovi, butembo, wolffi, javanica, brasiliensis,… Show more
“…Têm-se relatos de títulos positivos em suínos, roedores 32 , caprinos, ovelhas e cães 5 . Foram detectadas 21 reações sorológicas em roedores capturados no Estado de Mato Grosso. Não há relato associando esse sorotipo com sintomas clínicos em bovinos.…”
Section: Resultsunclassified
“…As trocas que ocorrem na ecologia humana e animal quando da colonização de determinada área podem favorecer a transmissão dessa zoonose ao homem, pois propiciam um contato deste e dos animais domésticos com os focos originais de infecção. O desmatamento e a ocupação pelo homem de novas áreas tendem a originar um ecossistema constituído de diferentes biocenoses que podem influenciar a difusão das zoonoses 21 . Nas regiões de colonização recente, o contato dos humanos com animais silvestres é mais comum e freqüente do que se pensa, face ao hábito das caçadas, da adoção de animais silvestres como de estimação e a presença freqüente do D. marsupialis nos arredores das casas próximas a areas de mata na Amazônia 20 .…”
The seroprevalence study for leptospirosis in bovines and humans was realized in family holder farms along the Transamazon Highway. The prevalence of bovine leptospirosis was 97% [90.9 - 99.5%] of farms with at least one positive animal according to microscopic agglutination test for the leptospirosis diagnostic. In 61.2% of the tested herds, the serovar hardjo was the most common, followed by the serovar bratislava (9%) and the serovar shermani (4.5%). The serologic prevalence of leptospirosis in humans was 32.8% [23.4 - 43.5%] in family groups with at least one positive individual according to microscopic agglutination test for the leptospirosis diagnostic. In 9% of family groups, the serovar bratislava was the most common, while serovar hardjo and grippotyphosa accounted for 6% and 4.5%, respectively. The impact of these results is discussed in relation to animal production and public health. Suggestions have been proposed in order to improve the situation in the region.
“…Têm-se relatos de títulos positivos em suínos, roedores 32 , caprinos, ovelhas e cães 5 . Foram detectadas 21 reações sorológicas em roedores capturados no Estado de Mato Grosso. Não há relato associando esse sorotipo com sintomas clínicos em bovinos.…”
Section: Resultsunclassified
“…As trocas que ocorrem na ecologia humana e animal quando da colonização de determinada área podem favorecer a transmissão dessa zoonose ao homem, pois propiciam um contato deste e dos animais domésticos com os focos originais de infecção. O desmatamento e a ocupação pelo homem de novas áreas tendem a originar um ecossistema constituído de diferentes biocenoses que podem influenciar a difusão das zoonoses 21 . Nas regiões de colonização recente, o contato dos humanos com animais silvestres é mais comum e freqüente do que se pensa, face ao hábito das caçadas, da adoção de animais silvestres como de estimação e a presença freqüente do D. marsupialis nos arredores das casas próximas a areas de mata na Amazônia 20 .…”
The seroprevalence study for leptospirosis in bovines and humans was realized in family holder farms along the Transamazon Highway. The prevalence of bovine leptospirosis was 97% [90.9 - 99.5%] of farms with at least one positive animal according to microscopic agglutination test for the leptospirosis diagnostic. In 61.2% of the tested herds, the serovar hardjo was the most common, followed by the serovar bratislava (9%) and the serovar shermani (4.5%). The serologic prevalence of leptospirosis in humans was 32.8% [23.4 - 43.5%] in family groups with at least one positive individual according to microscopic agglutination test for the leptospirosis diagnostic. In 9% of family groups, the serovar bratislava was the most common, while serovar hardjo and grippotyphosa accounted for 6% and 4.5%, respectively. The impact of these results is discussed in relation to animal production and public health. Suggestions have been proposed in order to improve the situation in the region.
“…The exchanges occurring in human and animal ecology during the colonization of a certain area can foster the transmission of this zoonosis to humans, since these exchanges allow for contact of the latter and household animals with the original focuses of infection. Deforestation and occupation by humans alongside the introduction of household animals in new areas tend to originate an ecosystem formed by different biocenoses that can influence the spread of zoonoses and the dissemination of other infectious diseases 16 .…”
INTRODUCTION: Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease, the primary hosts of which are wild, synanthropic, and household animals. Humans behave as terminal and accidental hosts. The prevalence of leptospirosis depends on carrier animals that disseminate the agent, on the environmental survival of this agent, and on the contact of susceptible individuals. Each serovar has one or more hosts with different adaptation levels. The focuses of leptospirosis are infected, sick, and asymptomatic animals, which are considered to be sources of environmental infection. This study aimed to determine the risk areas for leptospiral infection in stray dogs and patients diagnosed with leptospirosis from 2006 to 2008 in Maringá, State of Paraná, Brazil. METHODS: Three hundred and thirty-five stray dogs and 25 patients were studied. Serum from both animals and patients was examined by the microscopic serum agglutination test to study anti-leptospiral antibodies. To determine the risk areas and the spatial distribution of the disease, thematic maps were designed. RESULTS: Forty-one (12.2%) dogs positive for one or more leptospire serovars were observed, the most frequent serovars being Pyrogenes (43.9%), Canícola (21.9%), and Copennhageni (19.5%). Among the humans, 2 (8%) were positive for serovars Pyrogenes and Hardjo Prajitno and for Pyrogenes and Cynopteri. CONCLUSIONS: Spatial analysis showed that the risk for dogs and humans in the City of Maringá to become infected with leptospires exists in both the central and the peripheral areas, a fact that reinforces the relevance of this study and of continuous epidemiological and environmental surveillance actions to control the disease in animals and in humans.
“…Este sorovar foi isolado pela primeira vez de um roedor (Proechimys semispinosus) no Panamá em 1982 (Sulzer et al 1982). No Brasil, há relato de isolamento deste sorovar de roedores no Mato Grosso (Lins & Santa Rosa 1976). Em Rondônia, Aguiar et al (2006) evidenciou na SAM o sorovar Shermani como o terceiro mais freqüente em bovinos, precedido pelos sorovares Hardjo e Wollfi.…”
Risk factors associated with leptospirosis were identified in cows in the state of Bahia, northeastern Brazil. A total of 10,823 cows with > 24 months of age from 1,414 herds were randomly sampled. For the serological diagnosis of Leptospira spp. infection, the microscopic agglutination test (MAT) was carried out using 24 serovars as antigens. A herd was considered positive when presented at least one seropositive animal. Of the 1,414 investigated herds, 1,076 (77.9%; 95% CI = 75.7-80.0%) presented at least one reactant animal at MAT to any serovar. Serovar Hardjo (Hardjoprajitno) was the most prevalent, with 34.49% (95% CI = 31.97-37.14%) of the positive herds. Presence of more than 28 bovine females in reproductive age (OR=2.11; p<0.001), presence of cervids (OR=2.02; p=0.010), animal purchase (OR=1.57; p<0.001), to slaughter animals in the property (OR=1.58; p=0.030) and to share pasture (OR=1.63; p<0.001) were identified as risk factors for leptospirosis due to any serovar. Risk factors for leptospirosis due to serovar Hardjo (Hardjoprajitno) were presence of swine (OR=1.28; p=0.040) and animal purchase (OR=1.48; p<0.001).INDEX TERMS: Leptospirosis, cattle, risk factors, Bahia state.
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