Intrauterine transfusion-Intraperitoneal versus intravascular approach: A case-control comparison

Early intrauterine transfusion in severe red blood cell alloimmunization

“…The baseline characteristics of these women are summarized in Table 1. Ten women were noted to have had at least one previous stillbirth as a result of alloimmunization at a median gestational age of 24 weeks (range, [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36]. Of this cohort, 26 (87%) were associated with anti-D, four (13%) with anti-Kell and 12 had more than one antibody type involved.…”

“…However, intravascular transfusion is considerably more successful at reversing hydrops than is intraperitoneal transfusion, possibly because hydrops reduces the ability to absorb red cells from the lymphatic system 22,23 . In two of our patients the first IUT was intracardiac at 16 and 17 weeks, resulting in fetal death 4-6 weeks later, which may reflect the severity of the disease rather than the risk of the procedure.…”

“…Objective To determine perinatal outcome in pregnancies with early severe red blood cell (RBC) IUT was 20.4 (range,[16][17][18][19][20][21][22] weeks, and between one and nine transfusions were needed during pregnancy. Transfusion was via the intrahepatic vein (IHV) (n = 19), umbilical vein (n = 6) or umbilical artery (n = 2), or was intracardiac (n = 2) or intraperitoneal (n = 1).…”

Longitudinal follow up of growth and development of children from most severe cases of RH(D) alloimmune pregnancies after application of intrauterine intravascular transfusion

“…Određivanje titra Rh antitela određuje rizik za razvoj HBFN, amniocenteza i spektrofotometrijska analiza amnionske tečnosti pokazuju težinu hemolitičkog procesa, a fetalna oštećenja i njihov obim određuju se ultrazvučnim pregledom (Harman, 1989. god. ).…”

“…Optimalno vreme za porođaj kod Rh(D) aloimunizovane trudnoće određuje se na osnovu praćenja titra antitela, nivoa bilirubina u amnionskoj tečnosti i pokazatelja fetalne zrelosti u amnionskoj tečnosti (Harman, 1989.). …”