Intra-annual climate variability and malaria transmission in Nigeria

Ayanlade, Ayansina; Adeoye, Nathaniel Olugbade; Babatimehin, Oyekanmi

doi:10.2478/bog-2013-0016

Cited by 19 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 11 publications

(2 reference statements)

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“…Some authors have reported strong correlation between high malaria prevalence and low levels of education; for instance a population that is well informed about the use of long lasting Insecticidal Nets (LLIN), indoor residual spraying (IRS) and intermittent preventive treatment of malaria in pregnancy (IPTp) could help reduce the prevalence of the disease [20,22]. South-West Nigerian communities have the highest malaria prevalence and transmission because rainfall is all year round with appropriate climatic conditions for vector breeding [23,24].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pro- and anti-inflammatory response profile modulates Plasmodium falciparum malaria outcomes among subjects from Baiyeku, Ikorodu, Lagos, Nigeria.

Ajibaye

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background Available evidence indicates that the various stages of the malaria parasite life cycle elicit specific immune responses of which the relative levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines are key to disease progression, killing the parasite and mediating disease outcomes. This study will inform immunological interventions against malaria and thus malaria vaccine developments programs/efforts. Methods A total of four hundred and sixty-two participants were screened in a community survey for Plasmodium falciparum (P. falciparum) malaria in Baiyeku, Lagos, Nigeria. P. falciparum parasitaemia was determined by Microscopy using thick and thin blood films stained by Giemsa method using World Health Organization parasitology laboratory protocol whist the serum levels of IL-10, IFNγ and TNFα were determined by Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay [ELISA]. Data analysis was done by One-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), Chi square (X²) and Student’s T-test in statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS) version 24 was used to test statistical significance between the symptomatic groups and asymptomatic in relation to age, gender and BMI of the participants.Results A total of 70 (15.2 %) participants were microscopically positive for P. falciparum of which 70% were female, 30% were males while children aged 1-17 years were 65.7%. The geometric mean parasite density (GMPD) was significantly (p=0.001) higher among females than males. The GMPD of participants < 5 years was also significantly (p=0.001) higher than other age groups. About 46.8% of the participants were underweight (BMI < 18.5) also had the highest parasite intensity. The TNFα, IFNγ and IL-10 levels were significantly (p 0.05) higher in the infected than the uninfected participants. IFN-γ values were significantly (p=0.014) elevated among the symptomatic than the asymptomatic participants while there was no significant difference (P>0.053) in the levels of TNF-α and IL-10 (P>0.093) between the symptomatic and asymptomatic participants. Notably, the IL-10 levels were the most elevated amongst the participants with the highest parasite density.Conclusion The prevalence of P. falciparum obtained in this study area which is endemic for malaria is 15.2% suggesting a significant reduction of the disease over time. The awareness of the disease which is now more than before seems to contribute to the lowering of prevalence of the disease in the community. There was a positive relationship between TNF-alpha levels and body temperature. However, compared with the anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-10) in this study, the levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines (IFN-γ and TNF-α) were lower due to the negative action of the anti-inflammatory cytokines. IL-10 value increased as parasitemia increased (p=0.073). These findings suggest that higher levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines, especially IL-10 levels may contribute to pathogenesis of uncomplicated malaria.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pro- and anti-inflammatory response profile modulates Plasmodium falciparum malaria outcomes among subjects from Baiyeku, Ikorodu, Lagos, Nigeria.

Ajibaye

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…These results are a reflection of the predicted probability of malaria, which is much more during the wet season, but the predicted probability of meningitis is much more during the dry season, especially in the Sahel and Sudan ecological zones (Table 4). Some studies have reported that malaria transmission was highly seasonal due to climatic conditions; these occurrences are much more frequent in recent times due to climate change (Asadullah et al ., 2008; Samdi et al ., 2012; Ayanlade et al ., 2013; Maggioni et al ., 2016; Nandargi, 2016; Guofeng et al ., 2017; Sergi et al ., 2019). Meningitis is predominant during the dry season.…”

Section: Influence Of Climatic Indices On Malaria and Meningitis Distmentioning

confidence: 99%

Malaria and meningitis under climate change: initial assessment of climate information service in Nigeria

Ayanlade

Sergi

Ayanlade

2020

Meteorological Applications

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It is often difficult to define the relationship and the influence of climate on the occurrence and distribution of disease. To examine this issue, the effects of climate indices on the distributions of malaria and meningitis in Nigeria were assessed over space and time. The main purpose of the study was to evaluate the relationships between climatic variables and the prevalence of malaria and meningitis, and develop an early warning system for predicting the prevalence of malaria and meningitis as the climate varies. An early warning system was developed to predetermine the months in a year that people are vulnerable to malaria and meningitis. The results revealed a significant positive relationship between rainfall and malaria, especially during the wet season with correlation coefficient R 2 ≥ 60.0 in almost all the ecological zones. In the Sahel, Sudan and Guinea, there appears to be a strong relationship between temperature and meningitis with R 2 > 60.0. In all, the results further reveal that temperatures and aerosols have a strong relationship with meningitis. The assessment of these initial data seems to support the finding that the occurrence of meningitis is higher in the northern region, especially the Sahel and Sudan. In contrast, malaria occurrence is higher in the southern part of the study area. We suggest that a thorough investigation of climate parameters is critical for the reallocation of clinical resources and infrastructures in economically underprivileged regions.

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“…The dominant winds during the short period of dry season (Harmattan season) are the dry dusty northeasterly trade winds from the desert also called the tropical continental air mass (cT) which find their way to the South from the North (Eludoyin & Adelekan 2013). Annual rainfall total ranges from 1500 to 3000 mm over most of the South but can reach about 4000 mm over the southeastern part where rainfall is highest (Ayanlade et al 2013…”

Section: Climatology and Sources Of Subseasonal Predictability In Thementioning

confidence: 99%

ECMWF Subseasonal to Seasonal Precipitation Forecast for Use as a Climate Adaptation Tool Over Nigeria

Akeh¹,

Woolnough²,

Olaniyan³

2020

African Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation

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Farmers in most parts of Africa and Asia still practice subsistence farming which relies minly on seasonal rainfall for Agricultural production. A timely and accurate prediction of the rainfall onset, cessation, expected rainfall amount, and its intra-seasonal variability is very likely to reduce losses and risk of extreme weather as well as maximize agricultural output to ensure food security. Based on this, a study was carried out to evaluate the performance of the European Centre for Medium-range Weather Forecast (ECMWF) numerical Weather Prediction Model and its Subseasonal to Seasonal (S2S) precipitation forecast to ascertain its usefulness as a climate change adaptation tool over Nigeria. Observed daily and monthly CHIRPS reanalysis precipitation amount

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Intra-annual climate variability and malaria transmission in Nigeria

Cited by 19 publications

References 11 publications

Pro- and anti-inflammatory response profile modulates Plasmodium falciparum malaria outcomes among subjects from Baiyeku, Ikorodu, Lagos, Nigeria.

Pro- and anti-inflammatory response profile modulates Plasmodium falciparum malaria outcomes among subjects from Baiyeku, Ikorodu, Lagos, Nigeria.

Malaria and meningitis under climate change: initial assessment of climate information service in Nigeria

ECMWF Subseasonal to Seasonal Precipitation Forecast for Use as a Climate Adaptation Tool Over Nigeria

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