Intoxicação natural por Baccharis megapotamica var.weirii em caprinos

Panziera, Welden; Gonçalves, Maiara Aline; Lorenzett, Marina Paula; Argenta, Fernando Froner; Laisse, Cláudio João Mourão; Pavarini, Saulo P.; Driemeier, David

doi:10.1590/s0100-736x2015000400008

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 10 publications

(15 reference statements)

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“…In this region, a large amount of Baccharis megapotamica (Anjos 2018, personal communication) has also been observed, with clinical signs and lesions similar to those seen with B. coridifolia poisoning (Oliveira-Filho et al 2011, Panziera et al 2015. However, on the properties where the outbreaks occurred in this study, this plant was not found.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 49%

Gastric disorders of cattle in western Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil

et al. 2020

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A retrospective study of gastric disorders in autopsied cattle in the Western region of Rio Grande do Sul State, was performed. The exam reports of bovine necropsy of the Veterinary Pathology Laboratory, Unipampa, were analyzed in the period from 2010 to 2018. All cases in which death was primarily caused by disturbance in the gastric chambers were included. During the period evaluated, 141 cattle were necropsied. Of those, 25 had gastric disorders. Of those, 53% had alterations in the rumen, followed by abomasum (17%), involvement of two chambers (13%) and reticulum (9%). Most cases corresponded to beef cattle raised in an extensive system and most them for calf production and fattening with an average age of approximately three years. The cases occurred in farms of four different municipalities. Bullous bloat by excessive Trifolium repens ingestion was the gastric disturbance with the highest number of dead cattle observed in this study, especially in irrigated áreas of livestock farms. Cases such as lactic acidosis, ruminal alkalosis due to excessive urea ingestion and Baccharis coridifolia poisoning were also important gastric disturbances in necropsied cattle, associated especially with poor management and period of scarcity of good quality fodder. Cases of Clostridium perfringens infection were also observed in young cattle suggesting that it is an important infectious agent in the evaluated cattle herds, also showing failures in vaccination of the herds. As observed, gastric disturbances in cattle in the western region of Rio Grande do Sul have several causes. Metabolic/toxic and infectious disturbances were important causes of mortality in the herds, inducing considerable economic losses. Based on this study, it is clear that the majority of outbreaks or isolated cases occurred due to errors in the management of the properties and the vast majority of them could have been avoided with improvements in the technical qualification of the workers and simple adjustments in the farming methods. It is also emphasized the importance of the conclusive diagnosis to control these disorders, once after the orientation to the producers, was observed significant decrease in cattle losses in the farms.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 49%

Gastric disorders of cattle in western Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil

et al. 2020

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“…Clinicamente, à semelhança do que é descrito na literatura para ovinos [8,13] e nas demais espécies [3,5,6,8,11,15,16], os cordeiros desse surto desenvolveram um curso clínico agudo e subagudo, e os sinais clínicos estavam estritamente relacionados a distúrbios gastrointestinais. As mortes geralmente estão relacionadas com as lesões nos pré-estômagos, provocadas pela ação tóxica dos tricotecenos macrocíclicos, associadas a desidratação e diarreia, no qual há desequilíbrio de eletrólitos [10,15].…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…A ingestão espontânea de B. coridifolia pelos cordeiros deste estudo produziu alterações morfológicas digestivas caracterizadas por degeneração e necrose do epitélio de revestimento dos pré-estômagos. Esses achados corroboram com os descritos na literatura para a intoxicação por plantas do gênero Baccharis em animais [2,5,6,8,11]. O tecido de granulação observado Figura 3.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…A toxicidade está relacionada a tricotecenos macrocíclicos, que são micotoxinas produzidas por fungos do gênero Myrothecium, presentes no solo e armazenadas pelo B. coridifolia [15]. Casos espontâneos de intoxicação são descritos, principalmente, em bovinos e ovinos e menos comumente em equinos e caprinos [2,5,6,8,[11][12][13]. A ocorrência dos casos está, na maioria das vezes, relacionada ao desconhecimento da planta pelos animais, especialmente quando passam fome e sede durante o transporte [10,11,15].…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…A ocorrência dos casos está, na maioria das vezes, relacionada ao desconhecimento da planta pelos animais, especialmente quando passam fome e sede durante o transporte [10,11,15]. Lesões macroscópicas decorrentes da ingestão de B. coridifolia estão restritas ao trato gastrointestinal e são caracterizadas por alterações necróticas, principalmente, em pré-estômagos [2,5,6,8,11,13,15]. Microscopicamente, necrose do revestimento dos pré--estômagos e do tecido linfático tem sido observado em bovinos intoxicados por B. coridifolia [15,16].…”

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Spontaneous Baccharis coridifolia Poisoning in Suckling Lambs

Hammerschmitt

Panziera

Vielmo

et al. 2018

Acta Scientiae. Vet.

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Background: Baccharis coridifolia is one of the most important and common poisonous plants in Rio Grande do Sul (RS) state, Brazil (RS). The intoxication occurs when native livestock are exposed to the plant for the first time, especially when they are hungry, thirsty and stressed after transportation. The lesions associated with the toxicosis are characterized necrosis of the epithelial lining of the pre-stomachs. Cases of intoxication by Baccharis spp. in sheep native of a certain farm are uncommon. The objective of this study is to report an outbreak of B. coridifolia poisoning in lambs in RS, Southern Brazil, and to address the epidemiological, clinical and pathological aspects of this condition.Cases: Ten 15-20 day-old Corriedale and Texel lambs from a lot of 150 were affected. The onset of clinical signs occurred two days after the lambs were moved from ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) pasture to a native pasture with moderate amounts of sprouting B. coridifolia. Main clinical signs were intense abdominal pain, during which some lambs distended the thoracic and pelvic limbs while standing up, diarrhea, dehydration, ruminal atony, salivation, decubitus and death. Gross lesions in three necropsied lambs were mainly located in the digestive tract and included varying degrees of hyperemia, edema and erosions in the fore stomach mucosae. Histologically, there were hyperemia and degenerative, necrotic and ulcerative changes in the epithelial lining of forestomachs. The lesions observed were characterized by hydropic degeneration stratified mucosal epithelium and multifocal intercellular edema. Necrosis of individual epithelial cells, which had the intensely eosinophilic cytoplasm with a pyknotic or karyorrhetic nucleus, was observed. Multiple clefts were seen at the junction of the epithelium with the lamina propria, some of which containing intact and viable neutrophils. In addition, one of the sheep demonstrated focal extensive areas of moderate proliferation of granulation tissue in the submucosa of the forestomachs.Discussion: The diagnosis of B. coridifolia intoxication was based on the anatomopathological findings and on the presence of the plant in the pasture where the lambs were held. The lack of other plants, such as other species of Baccharis, Eupatorium tremulum and Baccharidastrum triplinervium, capable of producing a similar disease, reinforces the definitive diagnosis. Differently, from what is reported in the literature, the outbreak of B. coridifolia intoxication in this study occurred in lambs born on the farm. The toxicosis affected 15-20-day-old lambs, the age group in which lambs developing grazing habits. Similar to what occurred in an outbreak of B. megapotamica intoxication in lambs, it is probable that the lack of previous knowledge of the plant by the lambs was the main predisposing factor of the outbreak reported here. This is suggested by the involvement of only lambs and not adult sheep, the latter of course not native in relation to the plant. Affected lambs developed an acute clinical course with digestive signs. Deaths are usually related to pre-stomach injuries caused by the toxic action of macrocyclic trichothecenes, associated with dehydration and diarrhea, resulting in an electrolyte imbalance. Intoxication by B. coridifolia should be considered a differential diagnosis in lamb mortalities, mainly during the development of grazing habit. In order to avoid the occurrence of Baccharis coridifolia intoxication in sheep, it is recommended the previous adaptation with a gradual introduction of the sheep under close observation.

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