“Intestinimonas gabonensis” sp. nov., a new bacterium detected from a Gabonese stool specimen

Fla.vo.ni.frac'tor. N.L. neut. n. flavonum , flavone; L. masc. n. fractor , breaker; N.L. masc. n. Flavonifractor, flavone‐breaker. Firmicutes / Clostridia / Oscillospirales / Oscillospiraceae / Flavonifractor Flavonifractor is a genus in the phylum Firmicutes , class Clostridia , order Oscillospirales , family Oscillospiraceae . It currently comprises a single species with a validly published name, Flavonifractor plautii , proposed in 2010 as a gen. nov., comb. nov. for Eubacterium plautii and Clostridium orbiscindens . Although presenting a typical Gram‐positive cell wall structure, members of this genus mainly stain Gram‐negative. Cells are strictly anaerobic rods, with variable motility and capacity to form subterminal endospores. Growth is observed after 48 h anaerobic incubation in nutrient‐rich broth or on sheep/horse‐blood agar. Colonies are circular, smooth, gray, or white. Members of the genus Flavonifractor are asaccharolytic, and produce acetic and butyric acids when grown in TGY broth. The dominant fatty acids are C 14:0 and C 16:0 . They synthesize a flavonoid molecule C‐ring‐cleaving enzyme involved in the metabolism of quercetin or catechin within the human gut. They are mainly described as members of human and animal gut microbiota. F. plautii has also been recovered from clinical samples as an opportunistic pathogen. Reduced susceptibility to glycopeptides has been described. DNA G + C content (mol%) : 56–61.6 ( T m and HPLC), 59.9 (mean GC content based on WGS data, EZBioCloud database). Type species : Flavonifractor plautii Carlier et al. 2010 VP (basonym: Fusobacterium plauti Séguin 1928 AL ).

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Flavonifractor

Alauzet

Lozniewski

Cailliez‐Grimal

2023

Bergey's Manual of Systematics of Archaea and Bacteria

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I ntestinimonas

Plugge¹,

Bui²

2019

Bergey's Manual of Systematics of Archaea and Bacteria

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In.tes.ti.ni.mo'nas. L. neut. n. intestinum , gut, intestine; L. fem. n. monas , a monad, unit; N.L. fem. n. Intestinimonas , a unit (bacterium) isolated from the intestine. Firmicutes / Clostridia / Clostridiales / Ruminococcaceae / Intestinimonas Gram‐positive, strictly anaerobic bacteria, chemoorganotrophic. Grow in a temperature range of 25–45°C, are straight fusiform rods. I. butyriciproducens forms terminal spores. Motility has not been observed. The major fermentation products in Wilkins–Chalgren anaerobe (WCA) broth are butyrate and acetate. Growth on hexose sugars is enhanced by addition of acetate. The cellular fatty acids are mostly saturated (91.9%), including C 14 :0 methyl ester (33.1%) and C 18 :0 dimethyl acetal (23.0%) as the two major fatty acids. Respiratory quinones have not been detected. Comparative analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that members of the genus Intestinimonas share less than 95% similarity with their closest cultured relatives Flavonifractor plautii and Pseudoflavonifractor capillosus and fall within Clostridium Cluster IV. The type strain was isolated from the cecal content of a mouse; other members were isolated from the intestinal tract of humans. DNA G + C content (mol%) of Intestinimonas butyriciproducens : 58.4 (based on HPLC) and 59.4 (based on genome sequence). Type species : Intestinimonas butyriciproducens SRB‐521 T . Kläring, Hanske, Bui, Charrier, Blaut, Haller, et al. 2013, 4611 VP .

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Pseudoflavonifractor

Alauzet

Cailliez‐Grimal

Lozniewski

2023

Bergey's Manual of Systematics of Archaea and Bacteria

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Pseu.do.fla.vo.ni.frac'tor. Gr. adj. pseudês , false; N.L. masc. n. Flavonifractor , a bacterial genus name; N.L. masc. n. Pseudoflavonifractor , a false Flavonifractor. Firmicutes / Clostridia / Clostridiales / Oscillospiraceae / Pseudoflavonifractor Pseudoflavonifractor is a genus in the phylum Firmicutes , class Clostridia , order Clostridiales , family Oscillospiraceae . It currently comprises three species with validly published names. Pseudoflavonifractor capillosus , was proposed in 2010 to reclassify Bacteroides capillosus based on its phylogenetic position, biochemical properties, and DNA G + C content. Two other species, Pseudoflavonifractor gallinarum and Pseudoflavonifractor hominis , were described in 2021. Although phylogenetically linked to typical Gram‐positive bacteria, members of this genus stain Gram‐negative. Cells are strictly anaerobic, nonmotile, and non‐spore‐forming rods, occasionally ovoid ( P. hominis ). Optimal growth is described after at least 48 h of anaerobic incubation in nutrient‐rich broth or on sheep/horse blood agar. Colonies are minute, circular, colorless, smooth, and translucent. Members of the genus Pseudoflavonifractor are asaccharolytic although able to weakly ferment some sugars. They produce acetic and succinic acids when grown in TGY (trypticase/glucose/yeast extract) broth. The dominant fatty acids are C 14:0 and C 16:0 dimethyl acetal (DMA). They are described as members of the human and animal gut microbiota. P. capillosus has also been recovered from clinical samples as an opportunistic pathogen. DNA G + C content (mol%) : 49.22–60 ( T m and HPLC). Type species : Pseudoflavonifractor capillosus Carlier et al. 2010 VP (basonym: Bacteroides capillosus (Tissier 1908) Kelly 1957 AL ).

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“Intestinimonas gabonensis” sp. nov., a new bacterium detected from a Gabonese stool specimen

Cited by 3 publications

References 8 publications

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