Flavonifractor

Abstract

Fla.vo.ni.frac'tor. N.L. neut. n. flavonum , flavone; L. masc. n. fractor , breaker; N.L. masc. n. Flavonifractor, flavone‐breaker. Firmicutes / Clostridia / Oscillospirales / Oscillospiraceae / Flavonifractor Flavonifractor is a genus in the phylum Firmicutes , class Clostridia , order Oscillospirales , family Oscillospiraceae . It currently comprises a single species with a validly published name, Flavonifractor plautii , proposed in 2010 as a gen. nov., comb. nov. for Eubacterium plautii and Clostridium orbiscindens . Although presenting a typical Gram‐positive cell wall structure, members of this genus mainly stain Gram‐negative. Cells are strictly anaerobic rods, with variable motility and capacity to form subterminal endospores. Growth is observed after 48 h anaerobic incubation in nutrient‐rich broth or on sheep/horse‐blood agar. Colonies are circular, smooth, gray, or white. Members of the genus Flavonifractor are asaccharolytic, and produce acetic and butyric acids when grown in TGY broth. The dominant fatty acids are C 14:0 and C 16:0 . They synthesize a flavonoid molecule C‐ring‐cleaving enzyme involved in the metabolism of quercetin or catechin within the human gut. They are mainly described as members of human and animal gut microbiota. F. plautii has also been recovered from clinical samples as an opportunistic pathogen. Reduced susceptibility to glycopeptides has been described. DNA G + C content (mol%) : 56–61.6 ( T m and HPLC), 59.9 (mean GC content based on WGS data, EZBioCloud database). Type species : Flavonifractor plautii Carlier et al. 2010 VP (basonym: Fusobacterium plauti Séguin 1928 AL ).