Intestinal parasitic infections of urban and rural children on Pemba Island: implications for control

Albonico, Marco; Carneri, I. De; Matteo, Luigi Di; Ghiglietti, R.; Toscano, P.; Uledi, M. K.; Savioli, Lorenzo

doi:10.1080/00034983.1993.11812813

Cited by 9 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…This is also because more females were exposed to contaminated soils through farming. Albonico et al (1993) observed that "hookworm transmission tends to be focal and very dependent on the local rainfall humidity and soil". Shetty & Shetty (1993) infection with age in the males demonstrated early involvement of male children in farming activities which were later abandoned for fishing after secondary education.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hookworm infection in Amassoma Community in the Niger Delta, Nigeria

Agi¹,

Awi-Waadu²

2010

Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management

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Studies on hookworm infection was conducted in Amassoma community, in the Niger Delta of Nigeria. Of the 4990 faecal samples examined by standard parasitological technique, 1740 (34.9%) samples were found to contain eggs of hookworm. Nine hundred and seventy five infected samples (33.6%) were males and 865 (36.7%) infected samples were females. Incidence or new cases of hookworm infection occurred every month. Highest incidence (12.2%) occurred in September and the lowest (1.8%) was in February. The high soil moisture and temperature of the study area were probably responsible for the rapid larval development and infectivity all round the year. Percentage new infection was highest (1.5%) in the 4-9 years old. Peak prevalence of hookworm infection (38.5%) and peak intensity (3000 e pg) occurred in 4-9 years age group. Both prevalence and intensity declined gradually with increase in age. The study demonstrated that the best time for intervention of hookworm transmission is February when incidence is lowest. Also the age group for targeted mass chemotherapy is the 4-9 years old, which had the highest prevalence, incidence and intensity of hookworm infection. This study provides baseline data on the epidemiology of hookworm infection in the Niger Delta. @ JASEM

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hookworm infection in Amassoma Community in the Niger Delta, Nigeria

Agi¹,

Awi-Waadu²

2010

Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management

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“…In 1984 Pampiglione et al [11] carried out a copro-parasitological study on 413 fecal samples and G. duodenalis was detected by microscopic examination in 23 patients (5.6%). Few years later Albonico and colleagues [12] reported a prevalence of 6.6% among children aged 9-17 years. Recently, the prevalence of Giardia in school-aged children was 16.4% [13].…”

Section: Contents Lists Available At Sciencedirectmentioning

confidence: 98%

Genetic characterization of Giardia duodenalis by sequence analysis in humans and animals in Pemba Island, Tanzania

Cristanziano¹,

Santoro²,

Parisi³

et al. 2014

Parasitology International

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“…For example, to the best of our knowledge, the prevalence of intestinal protozoa infections on Pemba Island has been assessed only twice and these investigations date back to 1984 and 1992 [17,18]. In the 1984 study, the prevalence of G. intestinalis and E. histolytica among children and adults combined were 5.6% and 3.1%, respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of intestinal protozoa infection among school-aged children on Pemba Island, Tanzania, and effect of single-dose albendazole, nitazoxanide and albendazole-nitazoxanide

et al. 2013

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BackgroundPathogenic intestinal protozoa infections are common in school-aged children in the developing world and they are frequently associated with malabsorption syndromes and gastrointestinal morbidity. Since diagnosis of these parasites is difficult, prevalence data on intestinal protozoa is scarce.MethodsWe collected two stool samples from school-aged children on Pemba Island, Tanzania, as part of a randomized controlled trial before and 3 weeks after treatment with (i) single-dose albendazole (400 mg); (ii) single-dose nitazoxanide (1,000 mg); (iii) nitazoxanide-albendazole combination (1,000 mg–400 mg), with each drug given separately on two consecutive days; and (iv) placebo. Formalin-fixed stool samples were examined for the presence of intestinal protozoa using an ether-concentration method to determine the prevalence and estimate cure rates (CRs).ResultsAlmost half (48.7%) of the children were diagnosed with at least one of the (potentially) pathogenic protozoa Giardia intestinalis, Entamoeba histolytica/E. dispar and Blastocystis hominis. Observed CRs were high for all treatment arms, including placebo. Nitazoxanide showed a significant effect compared to placebo against the non-pathogenic protozoon Entamoeba coli.ConclusionsIntestinal protozoa infections might be of substantial health relevance even in settings where they are not considered as a health problem. Examination of a single stool sample with the ether-concentration method lacks sensitivity for the diagnosis of intestinal protozoa, and hence, care is indicated when interpreting prevalence estimates and treatment effects.

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Intestinal parasitic infections of urban and rural children on Pemba Island: implications for control

Cited by 9 publications

References 7 publications

Hookworm infection in Amassoma Community in the Niger Delta, Nigeria

Hookworm infection in Amassoma Community in the Niger Delta, Nigeria

Genetic characterization of Giardia duodenalis by sequence analysis in humans and animals in Pemba Island, Tanzania

Prevalence of intestinal protozoa infection among school-aged children on Pemba Island, Tanzania, and effect of single-dose albendazole, nitazoxanide and albendazole-nitazoxanide

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