Intestinal lactic acid bacteria from Muscovy duck as potential probiotics that alter adhesion factor gene expression

Abstract

ABSTRACT. The purpose of this study was to assess the suitability of lactic acid bacteria (LABs) isolated from Muscovy duck as a potential probiotic. Isolates were identified by targeted polymerase chain reaction and assessed in vitro for probiotic characteristics such as autoaggregation; surface-charge; hydrophobicity; tolerance to acidic pH, bile salts and protease; and expression of genes involved in Caco-2 cell adhesion. The LAB isolates exhibited strong resistance to high bile concentration and acidic pH, produced lactic acid, and bacteriostatic (P < 0.05) were identified as bacilli compared with LAB isolates of cocci. Additionally, the LAB isolates showed high sensitivity to penicillin and tetracycline antibiotics, while they were resistant to ofloxacin, Macrodantin, and cotrimoxazole. The level of F-actin mRNA increased in the groups treated with CM3, Salmonella enterica, and CM3 + S. enterica (P < 0.0001, P < 0.05 and P < 0.05 ). The level of cell adhesion molecule (CAM) and E-cadherin (E-cad) mRNA expression was significantly lower in the treatment group (P < 0.05 for both) than in the control. The F-actin, CAM, and E-cad mRNA levels were significantly lower in the S. enterica and CM3 + S. enterica groups (P < 0.01) than in the CM3 group. Among these, RNA levels were higher in the CM3 + S. enterica than S. enterica group. These results indicate that the natural duck gut microflora is an excellent source for probiotic bacteria and can facilitate the establishment of criteria to select probiotic strains for the prevention of diarrhea.

Screening for probiotic of lactic acid bacteria isolated from the digestive tract of a native Aceh duck (Anas platyrhynchos)

“…The bacterial cell staining also showed that 14 selected isolates were rod-shaped, whereas the other 5 isolates were coccus-shaped (Table 2). These results were similar to those reported by Xie et al (2015) who also studied the digestive tract of ducks and reported that the isolated LAB was gram-positive and either rod-or coccus-shaped (Xie et al 2015). Conversely, Hidayat et al (2018) reported that the bacteria isolated from the digestive tract of broiler chickens were solely gram-positive cocci.…”

“…The amplification was performed by using a PCR thermal cycler with the following cycles: (i) initial denaturation at 95°C for 5 min, (ii) denaturation at 95°C for 30 s, (iii) annealing at 57°C for 30 s, (iv) elongation at 72°C for 30 s, (v) final elongation at 72°C for 10 min, and (vi) cooling at 4°C for 10 min. All of the PCR amplification procedures were repeated for 35 cycles (Xie et al 2015). The amplified product was further confirmed via electrophoresis by using 2.0% agarose gel.…”

Isolation of Cellulolytic Lactic-Acid Bacteria from Mentok (Anas moschata) Gastro-Intestinal Tract

“…Several studies had found genus Pediococcus LAB from the digestive tract of poultry such as P. acidilactici R01, and P. acidilactici R02 were isolated from the proventriculus of broilier chicken which has resistance on bile salt and acid condition (Damayanti et al, 2014), P. pentosaceus Db9 was isolated from duodenum of broiler chicken (Damayanti et al, 2012), P. pentosaceus KT3CE27 from Thai endogenous chicken (Musikasang et al, 2009), Pediococcus from intestinal content of duck (Kurzak et al, 1998). P. acidilactici MK 20 from mentok GIT in this study was different from LAB species isolated from intestinal of Muscovy duck which reported in other studies such as Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactococcus lactis subsp lactis, L. salivarius, Streptococcus lactis, Enterococcus columbae and L. murinus from the intestine of Muscovy duck (Xie et al, 2015), Streptococcus, Enterococcus, Weissella, and Lactobacillus from intestinal content of duck (Kurzak et al, 1998), L. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus and L. reuteri F275T isolated from ducks and geese in Thailand (Kimprasit, 2013) and L. salivarius I11 from the Pengging duck's intestine (Sumarsih et al, 2014).…”

“…This condition contributes for the higher accumulation of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) in the cecum compared with the other areas of the avian gastrointestinal tract (Józefiak et al, 2004). In the other studies, several specieses of lactic acid bacteria with probiotic properties were isolated from intestinal content of muscovy duck in Fujian Province, China (Xie et al, 2015) and in our previous study, meat quality and poultry performance were improved with LAB administration as probiotic (Istiqomah et al, 2013;Sofyan et al, 2012).…”

“…This result was different from that reported by Musikasang et al (2009) that the proportion of rod and cocci of LAB isolated from the GIT of chicken were 85% and 15%, respectively. In the other study, Xie et al (2015) founded 4 rod selected LAB among 6 LAB from intestinal content of muscovy duck. Based on cellulolytic activity assay on CMC agar plate media, the clear zone appearance indicated that LAB colonies had the ability to degrade cellulose.…”