Interspecies diversity of Bacillus thuringiensis isolates native from North Western Indian Himalayas

Abstract

(Bt) is a ubiquitous pathogenic bacterium exploited worldwide in successful insect pest management programs. The present study aimed at resolving the diversity status and genetic structure of Bt isolates collected from unique and native ecological niche, north-western Indian Himalayas.Forty five ( ) isolates native to Uttarakhand, India were analyzed for their genetic diversity using Arbitrary Primed-Polymerase Chain Reaction (AP-PCR) patterns (ERIC1, ERIC2, BOX and GTG) and gyrase ( ) sequences.Amongst the AP-PCR patterns, ERIC and BOX primers clearly indicated the genetic inconsistency of by differentiating low and high hill isolates with unique banding pattern. A dendrogram generated showed fastidious clustering with coexistence of attitudinally related strains, indicating the genetic relatedness with respect to geographical proximity. The (285 bp) dependent phylogeny of seven selected isolates revealed their genetic proximity with different serovars.The present study demonstrates that ERIC and BOX-PCR can be used in establishment of geographical variation and in phylogenetic relatedness with serovars. Genetic relatedness between isolates was found to be a function of geographical proximity.

Genetic diversity of Brazilian Bacillus thuringiensis isolates with toxicity against Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae)

“…Among all the markers, GTG 5 was not as effective in discriminating between isolates of BtMA, indicating low genetic diversity. A similar result was verified when this marker was used to determine the diversity among the different Bacillus species 17,53 .…”

“…The BOX and MB1-PCRs were the most informative, producing the most complex fragment patterns 7,9,53 . Robust and, commonly, highly complex fingerprints are obtained using the BOX primer 46,44 .…”

“…Molecular typing has been used to identify and classify species belonging to the genus Bacillus, in addition to monitoring the evolution and phylogeny of the group 30,15,28,39 . Thus, the rep-PCR technique is widely used to investigate specific genetic relationships between Bt isolates 9,18,19,37,53,35 .…”

Genetic diversity of Brazilian Bacillus thuringiensis isolates with toxicity against Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae)

“…The BOX and MB1-PCRs were the most informative, producing the most complex fragment patterns 20 , 25 , 40 . Robust and, commonly, highly complex fingerprints are obtained using the BOX primer 41 , 42 .…”

“…Molecular typing has been used to characterize and discriminate species belonging to Bacillus , in addition to monitoring the evolution and phylogeny of the group 16 – 19 . Thus, the rep-PCR technique is widely used to investigate specific genetic relationships between Bt isolates 20 – 25 .…”