Internet of things (IOT) for smart solar energy: A case study of the smart farm at Maejo University

IoT-Based Smart Irrigation Systems: An Overview on the Recent Trends on Sensors and IoT Systems for Irrigation in Precision Agriculture

“…Those 83 include different levels of detail, there are 49 papers that only indicate that there are motor/pumps in their system (40 paper) or valves (nine papers) without more detail. From those papers which offer more details, 19 of them include sprinklers (the most used system) [28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46], eight use drip irrigation [4,[47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54], two propose the utilization of sprayers [4,55], and the rest use a very specific irrigation systems (robots [56], pivot [14], rain gun [57] or it can be applied to multiple systems [58]). In conjunction with the principal irrigation system, three papers propose the use of a fogging system [41,43,51] and two papers propose the use of fertigation in their systems [42,52].…”

“…Among this outdoor agriculture cases [14,29,31,32,38,40,42,[46][47][48]52,[59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67], some papers specify the agriculture products in more detail: general cereal [14], rice [48,59], spinach, beans, carrots, walnuts, corn, barley and maize [47], and multi-height fields [60]. In addition, among the 14 papers about greenhouses [28,33,39,41,45,51,[68][69][70][71][72][73][74][75], five of them specify the type of crop. There are three cases of hydroponic crops [33,68,69], one case of mushroom cultivation [41] and one paper on flower farming [71].…”

“…In addition, among the 14 papers about greenhouses [28,33,39,41,45,51,[68][69][70][71][72][73][74][75], five of them specify the type of crop. There are three cases of hydroponic crops [33,68,69], one case of mushroom cultivation [41] and one paper on flower farming [71]. Finally, there are five papers focused on gardening [36,53,55,67,76], one of them specifically about green walls [76].…”

“…The papers where more parameters are measured are [64,67], with six measured parameters and [31,45,46,61,68,75,76] that measured five parameters. On the other hand, there are five papers (6% of cases) that do not measure any parameter [33,41,[77][78][79]. Following, the details about the number of monitored parameters are presented (see Figure 6).…”

Transformative and disruptive role of local direct current power networks in power and transportation sectors

“…Various IoT based sensor techniques are available for monitoring solar energy grids for maximum power efficiency. We can see in [13], how an IoT-based network is created to monitor and control a smart farm utilizing solar panels as the power source.…”