Internet of things-based photovoltaics parameter monitoring system using NodeMCU ESP8266

Abstract

<span>The use of the internet of things (IoT) in solar photovoltaic (PV) systems is a critical feature for remote monitoring, supervising, and performance evaluation. Furthermore, it improves the long-term viability, consistency, efficiency, and system maintenance of energy production. However, previous researchers' proposed PV monitoring systems are relatively complex and expensive. Furthermore, the existing systems do not have any backup data, which means that the acquired data could be lost if the network connection fails. This paper presents a simple and low-cost IoT-based PV parameter monitoring system, with additional backup data stored on a microSD card. A NodeMCU ESP8266 development board is chosen as the main controller because it is a system-on-chip (SOC) microcontroller with integrated Wi-Fi and low-power support, all in one chip to reduce the cost of the proposed system. The solar irradiance, ambient temperature, PV output voltage and PV output current, are measured with photo-diodes, DHT22, impedance dividers and ACS712. While, the PV output power is a product of the PV voltage and PV current. ThingSpeak, an open-source software, is used as a cloud database and data monitoring tool in the form of interactive graphics. The results showed that the system was designed to be highly accurate, reliable, simple to use, and low-cost.</span>

Smart-Hydroponic-Based Framework for Saffron Cultivation: A Precision Smart Agriculture Perspective

“…The use of any hydroponic technique out of the six listed above depends on several factors, such as root anatomy, plant structure, water requirement, and suitability in a particular environment [51,71]. Considering the water consumption, cost, and anatomical factors of saffron related to root morphology studied from the literature, NFT was considered to be the best practice for the growth of saffron hydroponically [66][67][68][69]72]. The most famous hydroculture approach being followed is hydroponics, due to its low cost and having a majority of benefits [36,37,51,72].…”

“…Considering the water consumption, cost, and anatomical factors of saffron related to root morphology studied from the literature, NFT was considered to be the best practice for the growth of saffron hydroponically [66][67][68][69]72]. The most famous hydroculture approach being followed is hydroponics, due to its low cost and having a majority of benefits [36,37,51,72]. Aeroponics is best suited for plants that are small and not propagated by using roots.…”

“…Aeroponics is best suited for plants that are small and not propagated by using roots. Tomatoes, lettuce, herbs, celery, and leafy greens are some of the plants cultivated by using aeroponics [38,44,72]. On the other hand, aquaponics is best suited for plants having shallow roots, such as sweet corn, beets, onion, cucumbers, and radishes.…”

Proof of concept for lightweight PUF-based authentication protocol using NodeMCU ESP8266

“…Hence, the Arbiter-PUF needs to be implemented from the hardware layer (i.e., logic circuit). Nevertheless, it is impossible to build the hardware of Arbiter-PUF on microcontroller devices [22]. Hence, as a proof of concept to the authentication protocol, a supervised machine learning technique called artificial neural network (ANN) is used to model the Arbiter-PUF on NodeMCU ESP8266 device.…”

Different analytical frameworks and bigdata model for internet of things

“…Such abundant heterogeneous data give rise to a new concept called "big IoT data". This big IoT [15] data needs to be analysed which helps in improving understandability of raw data, so that efficient and wellinformed decisions can be made [16], [17].…”